無氧閾值能力對舉重選手專項力量耐力之關係

Relationship between Anaerobic Threshold Capacity and Specific Strength Endurance on Weightlifter

陳德盛 ； 張嘉澤 ； 陳佳慧 ； 蔣明雄

《休閒觀光與運動健康學報》 7卷3期 (2017/09) Pp. 1-17

摘要

目的：探討大專男子舉重選手無氧閾值能力對專項力量耐力後乳酸形成率之關係。方法：受試者為6名男性大專舉重選手（年齡21.3±1.9歲、身高171.6±4.8 cm、體重84.6±11.8 kg、訓練年數7.8±3.2年），依序接受（一）漸增腳踏車有氧-無氧閾值測試、（二）最大力量（1-Repetition, 1RM）測試、（三）四組專項上、下肢力量耐力負荷（上肢：仰臥推舉、下肢：後蹲舉）。運動負荷中，紀錄心跳、運動時間和血乳酸，數據以重複量數單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關進行分析。結果：有氧閾值（aerobicthreshold, AeT）與無氧閾值（anaerobicthreshold, AnT）功率和心跳分別為AeT:70.2±31.0watt,114.1±16.0bpm;AnT:151.5±27.4watt,155.0±18.3bpm。上肢與下肢專項力量耐力負荷後，上、下肢負荷心跳（上肢+10 bpm, p＞.05；下肢+18 bpm, p＜.05）與乳酸（上肢+3.4 mmol/l, p＜.001；下肢+4.6mmol/l, p＜.001）第四組相較於第一組負荷顯著增加。AeT輸出功率（Watt）與下肢專項負荷乳酸形成率為顯著負相關（上肢r=-0.7, p＞.05；下肢r=-0.8, p＜.05）。AnT與上肢負荷最大心跳呈正相關趨勢（r=0.6, p＞.05）。結論：大專男子舉重選手專項力量耐力負荷之有氧-無氧閾值能力（輸出功率與心率）與專項測試乳酸形成率與下肢心跳反應具有相關性，專項力量耐力負荷後，上肢與下肢乳酸及心跳反應，隨組數增加而上升，有較佳的閾值水平有助於降低訓練與比賽的生理壓力。

關鍵字

專項測試 ； 力量耐力 ； 有氧閾值 ； 恢復

並列摘要

Purpose: To investigate whether the specific strength endurance response were affected by anaerobic threshold and the rate of lactate production on male college weightlifters. Methods: 6 male college weightlifters (age: 21.3±1.9 years, height: 171.6±4.8 cm, body weight: 84.6±11.8 kg, training experience: 7.8±3.2 years) completed 1st: Incremental aero-anaerobic threshold cycling; 2nd: One maximum repetition test (1 RM); 3rd: Four bouts specific strength endurance test (include upper limb: bench press; lower limb: back half squat). Heart rate (HR), lactate (La), and exercise period were measured before, during, and after each test. One-way ANOVA repeated measures was used to assess specific test difference and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between Larate and aero-anaerobic capacity. Results: Average HR and Power at Aero and Anaerobic Threshold (AeT and AnT) test: AeT 70.2±31.0 watt, 114.1±16.0 bpm; AnT: 151.5±27.4watt, 155.0±18.3 bpm. During specific strength endurance test, HR (upper limb +10 bpm, p ＞ .05; lower limb +18 bpm, p ＜ .05) and La (upper +3.4 mmol/l, p ＜ .001; lower limb +4.6mmol/l, p ＜ .001) were increase in session 4th than session 1st. There was a negative correlation between power output in AeT and the Larate of specific test (both upper r = -0.7, p＞.05; lower limb r = -0.8, p＜ .05). The positive correlation was found in HRmax (r = 0.6, p＞.05) between AnT and specific upper test. Conclusion: This results suggest that the relationship between Larate of specific strength endurance test and HR response is affected by AeT and AnT capacity (power output and HR) in male collage weightlifter. In specific test, HR and La were increase along with bouts in both upper and lower limb. Weightlifter with higher lactate threshold level might decrease the physiological stress while training and competitions.

並列關鍵字

specific test ； Kraft Ausdauer ； aerobe Schwelle ； recovery