閩語中讀同章組的精組字

The Phonological Change of 'Jing (精) Initial Group Shifts to Zhang (章) Initial Group' in the Min Dialect

秋谷裕幸(Akitani, Hiroyuki)

《聲韻論叢》 23輯 (2019/12) Pp. 77-98

摘要

在早於原始閩語的階段發生了少數中古精組的前身聲母轉入中古章組前身聲母的音變。本文稱之為精組讀同章組。通過6例「笑、像、蓆、惜、粟、筅」的分析，本文對精組讀同章組給出了這樣的定義：舌尖擦音以介音*i為條件變成舌葉送氣塞擦音的語音演變。只是，對這個定義的例外或反例也比較多。除了閩語以外，吳語處衢片、婺州片當中也有精組讀同章組的痕跡。這可以作為進一步證實閩語和吳語處衢片、婺州片之間歷史關係密切的證據之一，同時也說明精組讀同章組的來歷十分古老。

關鍵字

閩語 ； 音韻史 ； 精組 ； 章組 ； 吳語處衢片 ； 吳語婺州片

並列摘要

At a stage ealier than Proto-Min, the pronunciation of some words of the Jing (精) initial group had shifted to the Zhang (章) initial group. This paper designates this merger as 'Jing (精) initial group shifts to Zhang (章) initial group'. Based on the study of six words, i.e. '笑 (to laugh)', '像 (to resemble)', '蓆 (mat)', '惜 (to love dearly)', '粟 (grain)' and '筅 (pot-scouring brush)', the paper defines this shift as 'a phonological change of dental fricatives which occur before the medial *i to aspirated postalveolar affricates'. However, this definition involves many exceptions and counterexamples. In addition to the Min dialect, there are some isolated residues of 'Jing initial group shifts to Zhang initial group' in the Chuqu (處衢) and Wuzhou (婺州) subgroups of the Wu dialect. These residues further reveal the close historical relationship between the Min dialect and the Chuqu and Wuzhou subgroups of the Wu dialect and indicate that the origin of 'Jing initial group shifts to Zhang initial group' is very archaic also.

並列關鍵字

Min dialect ； phonological history ； Jing (精) initial group ； Zhang (章) initial group ； Chuqu (處衢) subgroup of Wu dialect ； Wuzhou (婺州) subgroup of Wu dialect