論麻佳相混層次在閩南方言中的表現

本文探討閩南方言是否存在六朝時期「麻佳相混」的音韻層次。過往在音韻學界中，注意到「麻佳相混」層次的多半為研究南部吳語的學者們，大家對該層次的共識是六朝時期江東方言的特徵之一。然則，六朝時期與吳語同屬江東方言一環的閩語，與此相關的研究卻遲遲未見，「麻佳相混」層次未曾被明確地指出，對於六朝江東方言的認識與建構，未免頗有缺憾。本文即在此研究動機下，選取閩南方言三區共六方言點的語料，觀察分析假攝麻二韻及蟹攝皆佳韻的層次狀況，試圖找尋「麻佳相混」層次在閩南方言中的蛛絲馬跡。本文分析的結果，確實在佳韻中找到「麻佳相混」的歷史層次，並且透過與吳語處衢方言的比對，看到了該層次在閩南及處衢方言平行的表現。因此，無論是從閩方言自身內部的分析、或是從吳閩方言外部的比較來說，「麻佳相混」層次的存在應確然無疑，該層次的確認無疑地也深化了我們對江東方言的理解。

關鍵字

閩南方言；吳語處衢方言；六朝江東方言；層次分析；麻佳相混層次

並列摘要

This article explores whether a phonological stratum of the Six Dynasties, the ＂convergence of Má and Jia finals＂, is retained in Southern Min. This stratum was one characteristic in the Jiangdong dialect of the Six Dynasties that was noticed by researchers of Southern Wu dialects several years ago. However, researchers of Min dialects have seemed to ignore this issue until now. Therefore, the research motivation of this paper is about understanding whether or not this stratum is also present in Southern Min. In this article, we examine the grade II finals of the Jiǎ and the Xiè rhyme groups in order to find out whether a ＂convergence of Má and Jia finals＂ is present in six subgroups of Southern Min. The results of this analysis show us that the ＂convergence of Má and Jia finals＂ was indeed present in the Jia rhyme in Southern Min. On the other hand, this stratum exhibits similar performances both in Southern Min and the Chu-qu subgroup of Wu dialects. In conclusion, Southern Min does show ＂convergence of Má and Jia finals＂. We also gain a deeper understanding of the Jiangdong dialect in the Six Dynasties Period.

並列關鍵字

Southern Min ； Chu-qu subgroup of Wu dialects ； Jiangdong dialect in the Six Dynasties ； strata analysis ；＂convergence of Má and Jia finals＂

主題瀏覽