不同教學形式之太極拳教學授課時間模式分析

目的：本研究旨在分析不同教學形式之太極拳教學，其授課時間分配比率，並評估該授課時間分配之適切性。方法：以1名太極拳教學者及54名大學二年級選修太極拳課之學生為觀察對象。觀察堂數共3堂，每堂100分鐘。本研究運用教學授課時間模式分析(Pattern Analysis)觀察三種不同教學形式（命令式、練習式、互惠式）之授課時間分配情形。結果：一、命令式與互惠式各類目授課時間排序均一致，且前三項排序分別為：「內容介紹」、「練習活動」與「綜合活動」。而練習式各類目排序前三項則為：「內容介紹」、「練習活動」與「準備活動」。三種教學形式類目排序最高均為「內容介紹」，其次為「練習活動」，而三者均無「離課活動」的教學時間發生。二、教學時間分配適切性：教學者在班級管理的百分比為14.97%；正向類目的百分比79.18%；負向類目的百分比為5.85%。結論：太極拳教學著重運動技能之講解、動作示範、領做與練習。教學者在授課時間分配適切，具備有效之時間管理。

關鍵字

系統觀察；教學時間；教學光譜

並列摘要

Purpose: This study was to analyze the different teaching forms of Taijiquan's instruction, the distribution ratio of teaching time, and to evaluate suitability of teaching time's distribution. Method: The observers were one teaching staff and 54 participants of sophomore which take Taijiquan course. The observation lessons were three, each lesson was 100 minutes. This study used the Pattern Analysis to observe three different teaching forms of teaching time distribution situation (injunctive, practice, reciprocal). Results: 1. Each function sequence of teaching time for the Command and Practice Style were in concert, and each function sequence of the Practice Style were, ”Content Presentation”, ”Developmental”, ”Preparatory”. Therefore, the highest of three teaching functions was ”Content Presentation”, the second was ”Developmental”, and all three functions showed no ”Departure” of teaching time occurred. 2. The suitability of teaching time's distribution: The teaching staff in the percentage of class management is 14.97%. The percentage of positive categories is 79.18%. The percentage of negative categories is 5.85%. Conclusion: Taijiquan's instruction emphasizes on sports skills of explanation, movement demonstration, leading to do and practice. The teaching staff has suitable distribution of teaching time, and with effective time management.