銀髮族參與高爾槌球運動社會支持與幸福感之研究

本研究目的主要在瞭解銀髮族參與高爾槌球運動之現況，運用結構方程模式對研究架構進行整體模型配適度與各路徑係數之分析，驗證銀髮族在高爾槌球運動之社會支持對主觀幸福感之影響。本研究採用結構式問卷調查法，以立意取樣方式於嘉義縣立體育館針對第十屆全國銀髮族高爾槌球暨賓果投擲大賽之65歲以上銀髮族為研究對象，於2015年9月17日，發放共計300份問卷，經回收整理後扣除無效問卷八份，共取得有效問卷292份，有效問卷率97.33%。問卷回收所得資料以AMOS統計軟體進行結構方程模式之收斂效度、區別效度、模型適配度分析。研究結果顯示整體模型配適度良好，以結構方程模型驗證社會支持對主觀幸福感之關係發現，銀髮族社會支持對主觀幸福感之路徑係數為.40，達顯著水準(p ＜ .001)，故假設成立。研究者根據研究結果提出提升社會支持及後續相關研究建議如下:一、關懷銀髮族日常生活，增加社會支持；二、依照人數進行編組，促進日常生活之相互照應；三、擴大推廣高爾槌球運動，吸引更多銀髮族參與學習；四、後續研究建議。希冀能夠提供銀髮族高爾槌球運動相關推廣與學術研究單位，作為未來推廣策略與後續相關研究參考之用。

關鍵字

銀髮族；休閒動機；休閒參與；幸福感

並列摘要

The objectives of this study were largely to understand the status quo of the participation by the seniors into the golf croquet sport, to analyze the research framework of the fitness of its overall model and of its path coefficient by adopting structural equation modeling, and to verify the effect on the subjective well-being by the social supports for golf croquet sport from the seniors. Through a structured questionnaire survey method, this study takes, by purposive sampling, the seniors that attended the Tenth National Senior Golf Croquet and Bingo Throwing Contest and that were over 65 at Chiayi County Gymnasium as research objects. On September 17, 2015, a total of 300 pieces of questionnaires has been handed out. After collecting and sorting, 8 of them are removed for being invalid and there received 292 pieces of valid questionnaires, with 97.33% of validity. The statistics from these valid questionnaires are analyzed, with application of structural equation modeling, via AMOS statistical software, of its convergent validity, discriminant validity and model fitness. The research results show that the overall model is of good fitness; the verification through structural equation modeling of the relationship between the social supports and the subjective well-being shows that the path coefficient of the social supports from the seniors on the subjective well-being was .40, which was significant and which proves the assumption. In accordance with the results, researchers put forward suggestions as follows, for promoting social supports and follow-up relevant researches: (1) to care for the daily life of the seniors and to augment social supports; (2) to organize the seniors into groups according to their population and to improve the mutual attendance to daily life; (3) to spread and popularize golf croquet sport and to attract more seniors to join in and study; and (4) to offer advice for following researches. This study hopes to provide for related popularization academic research units of senior golf croquet sport with reference to future generalization strategies and relevant follow-up study.