Community Resilience in a Rural Context-Literature Review

農村背景下的社區復原力－文獻回顧

R. Sakthi Prabha ； 廖淑娟(Shuchuan Liao)

《社會發展研究學刊》 25期 (2020/03) Pp. 97-127

https://doi.org/10.6687/JSDS.202003_(25).0004

摘要

This paper discusses the importance of community resilience in a rural context. Rural communities are the backbone of a nation and these communities have preserved age-old occupations, traditions and cultures. Over the past few decades, rural communities has been affected by climatic, economic, social, and political pressures, which have brought many changes to the social, economic and psychological systems of these communities. It is very important for the communities to build resilience to face challenges and build its sustainability. Despite several challenges faced by the rural communities, they survived well. The term resilience has long been a key concept in material sciences and recently has the focus of research in several disciplines such as developmental psychology, psychiatry, ecology, management, social sciences, etc. This paper is based on the research questions such as what is resilience, community resilience in rural areas, dimensions of community resilience and the effective intervention strategies to enhance the rural community resilience. Based on the various reviews the researchers have discussed the interventions to enhance rural community resilience. The interventions are community empowerment programmes, strengthening social capital, social network and supporting families, forming formal and informal groups, social enterprise, building infrastructure, enhancing collective efficacy, enhancing local leadership, cultural learning, spirituality, and respecting human diversity. The resilient rural community are open to learning and adapting to new ideas and bringing the people together in the community take care of each other. This paper rests on strength perspective.

關鍵字

Resilience ； Community Resilience ； Social Support ； Social Network and Social Enterprise

並列摘要

本文討論農村場域中社區復原力的重要性。農村社區是國家的骨幹，因為這些社區保留了古老的職業、傳統和文化。過去的幾十年中，農村社區受到了氣候、經濟、社會和政治壓力的影響，這些壓力帶給這些社區的社會、經濟和心理系統許多變化。儘管農村社區面臨著若干挑戰，但它們仍然生存良好。對於社區來說，建立抵禦挑戰和維持永續性的復原力非常重要。復原力一詞長期以來一直是材料科學中的一個主要概念，近來已成為發展心理學、精神病學、生態學、管理學、社會科學等多個學科的研究重點。本文解釋了復原力的含義、農村環境中的社區復原力、社區復原力的向度、以及農村社區復原力的衡量。本文以研究問題，例如復原力、農村地區的社區復原力、社區復原力的向度、和有效的干預策略，來提升農村社區的復原力。增強農村社區復原力的干預措施包括社區賦權計畫、加強社會資本、社會網絡和支持家庭、形成正式和非正式團體、社會企業、建設基礎設施、振興語言、增強集體效能、增強地方領導能力、文化學習、靈性和尊重人類多樣性。富有復原力的農村社區對學習和新思想保持開放態度，集結社區中的人們互相照顧。本文以優勢觀點為基礎來探討農村社區的復原力。

並列關鍵字

復原力 ； 社區復原力 ； 社會支持 ； 社交網絡和社會企業

參考文獻

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Boehnlein, J. K. (2007). Religion and spirituality after trauma. In L. J. Kirmayer, R. Lamelson & M. Barad (Eds.), Understanding Trauma: Biological, Psychological and Cultural Perspectives (pp.259-274). New York: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511500008.018.

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