老人日間照顧中心社會工作者專業角色之探究

臺灣進入高齡社會且老年人口持續攀升，社區式照顧模式為主要各國推動長期照護政策的在地老化目標，然而目前國內並未有相關法規針對老人日間照顧中心社會工作者的職責有明確地規定，導致其角色模糊與定位不明的情形，同時研究指出長照社工人員流動率仍居高不下，因此相關人才留任的議題須受到重視。本研究採用質性研究之深度訪談法，分別與6名機構管理者和6名社工人員以半結構式訪談進行資料蒐集，藉由彙整兩方觀點，探討對於老人日間照顧中心社會工作者的角色認知與專業能力。研究發現社工人員在實務中之角色分別為微視面：直接服務提供者（個案、團體與照顧工作）、多面向行政工作者；中介面：使能者、教育者、支持者、協商者、服務整合者、資源連結者、社區關係建立者、方案執行與評估者、志工管理者；鉅視面：老人權益及福利服務的諮詢者與倡導者。其次應具備之角色功能分為照顧管理內涵：（1）老人照顧與醫護專業知識；（2）跨專業服務整合能力；（3）危機處理能力；（4）培養生活美學；（5）情緒調適避免情緒反轉移。以及經營管理內涵：領導能力、財務概念、人員管理、評鑑作業。最後，基於上述之研究發現，研究者分別對大專院校長期照顧社工專業教育、老人日間照顧社會工作者及機構端提出研究建議，包含建立完善及統整性的專業課程、社會工作者自我充權與跳脫專業本位框架、主管與團隊對於社會工作專業的認同與支持，以及建立完善組織制度等。

關鍵字

日間照顧；社區式照顧；老人社會工作；長期照顧社會工作

並列摘要

Taiwan has entered an advanced age society and the elderly population continues to rise. The community-based care model is the local aging goal of major countries to promote long-term care policies. However, there are currently no relevant laws and regulations in the country that clearly stipulate the responsibilities of social workers in day care centers for the elderly. This has led to the ambiguity of their roles and unclear positioning. At the same time, studies have pointed out that the turnover rate of long-term social workers is still high, so the issue of retention of relevant talents must be taken seriously. The study found that the roles of social workers in practice are micro-vision: direct service providers (cases, groups and care work), multi-faceted administrative workers; intermediary: enablers, educators, supporters, negotiators, Service integrator, resource linker, community relationship builder, plan implementation and evaluation person, volunteer manager; Ju Shimian: consultant and advocate of elderly rights and welfare services. Secondly, the role functions that should be possessed are divided into the connotation of care management: (1) professional knowledge of elderly care and medical care; (2) cross-professional service integration ability; (3) crisis management ability; (4) cultivation of life aesthetics; (5) emotional adjustment Avoid anti-transference of emotions. And the connotation of business management: leadership, financial concepts, personnel management, appraisal tasks. Finally, based on the above-mentioned research findings, the researchers put forward research suggestions on the professional education of long-term care social work in colleges and universities, day care social workers for the elderly, and institutions, including the establishment of comprehensive and integrated professional courses, and the self-reliance of social workers. Power and escape from the professional standard framework, the recognition and support of the supervisor and the team for the social work profession, and the establishment of a sound organizational system.