長照服務人員面對同志長照住民態度與微歧視調查研究

臺灣目前在同婚專法通過後，同婚是否會受到社會上的歧視是一個極大的議題，加上在長照服務中同志長照住民是否也受到歧視，更是關鍵。是否長照服務人員會有較多的微歧視發生，有極大的可能性，雖不再表現具體的歧視或排斥現象，卻不經意的展現出對同志者的漠視或行為，由於不同的年齡層中也有不同的想法與行為，做為長照服務人員是否在學習同理心的教育下會有較少的微歧視，值得探討。本研究目的為：一、了解長期照顧服務人員對於提供同志長照住民照顧時之態度。二、探討長期照顧服務人員在提供同志長照住民照顧時之微歧視現況。三、相關研究結果做為有關長期照顧服務單位未來提供服務之參考。本研究採量化研究，受訪談對象為長期照顧機構中之長照服務人員，以立意叢集取樣方式辦理問卷調查，根據文獻製作問卷。研究結果發現，受訪者性別以女性比例較高，特別是年滿五十歲以上人口群，身分以照顧服務員人數較多，婚姻狀態則以已婚同住者最高，無宗教信仰者其比例也較高，受訪者以大學以上人數偏高，這是受訪者一般的樣態。另外，我們發現，受訪者認為同志感染愛滋病的機率極高；會擔心他們有愛滋病的可能性；如果看到同志的親熱動作會感到不舒服。受訪者對同志長照住民微歧視行為分數在同志之負向感受態度部分有顯著的正相關，說明受訪者對於同志長照住民在同志之負向感受態度部分分數越高，其微歧視行為分數也相對越高。研究也發現，在受訪者基本特質中，會因為年齡高低而有顯著性差異，特別是年齡越高，對其同志長照住民微歧視行為的分數也越高。

關鍵字

微歧視；同志長照住民；長照服務人員

並列摘要

After Taiwan's current law on same marriage is passed, whether same marriage will be discriminated against in the society is a huge issue. In addition, whether gay residents in long-term care are also discriminated against in the long-term care service, it is even more critical. Whether long-term care service personnel will have more micro-discrimination, there is a great possibility that although they no longer show specific discrimination or exclusion, they inadvertently show indifference or behavior towards gays, due to different age groups There are also different ideas and behaviors. As long-term care workers, it is worth exploring whether there will be less micro-discrimination under the education of empathy. The purpose of this study is: 1. To understand the attitudes of long-term care service personnel to providing care for the residents of gay long-term care. 2. To explore the current situation of slight discrimination among long-term care service personnel in providing care for the residents of gay long-term care. 3. Relevant research results will serve as a reference for the service provided by the long-term care service unit in the future. This research adopts quantitative research. The interviewees are long-term care service staff in long-term care institutions. Questionnaire surveys are conducted by means of intentional cluster sampling, and questionnaires are made based on literature. The results of the study found that the gender of the interviewees is higher than that of females, especially those who are over 50 years of age. There are more caring attendants in their status, and the highest proportion of people living with married couples in their marital status is those who have no religious beliefs. It is also relatively high. The number of respondents is higher than that of college. This is the general behavior of respondents. In addition, we found that the interviewees believed that gays had a very high chance of contracting AIDS; they were worried about the possibility of AIDS; they would feel uncomfortable if they saw the affectionate actions of gays. Respondents' microdiscrimination scores for gay residents in long-term photos are significantly positively correlated in the negative attitudes of gays, indicating that the higher the scores of the interviewees on gay residents' negative attitudes towards gays, the higher the microdiscrimination. The behavior score is also relatively higher. The study also found that there are significant differences in the basic characteristics of the interviewees because of their age. In particular, the higher the age, the higher the score for the micro-discriminatory behavior of the comrades who live long-term.

並列關鍵字

long-term care workers ； LGBT ； micro-discrimination

參考文獻

Brotman, S. B. R., Cormier, R. (2003). The Health and Social Service Needs of Gay and Lesbian Elders and Their Families in Canada, The Gerontologist, 43(2), 192–202. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/43.2.192.

Schope, R. D. (2005) Who's Afraid of Growing Old?, Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 45:4, 23-39, DOI: 10.1300/J083v45n04_03.

王增勇（2011）。跨越世代相遇：看見「老年男同志」。生命教育研究，第 1 卷第 3期，頁 169-231