實踐社群的營造於終身教育的運用－以社區大學為例

Cultivating Communities of Practice in the Lifelong Education Utilization-A Case study of Community University

王致雅(Chih-Ya Wang) ； 李宥融(Yu-Jung Li)

《社區研究學刊》 3期 (2013/12) Pp. 97-116

摘要

終身教育的需求隨著「高齡化」、「成功老化」等議題的浮現而逐漸加溫，「由下而上」的社區大學成爲新興蓬勃發展的教育組織，而政府方面亦引進學習型城市，做爲加強終身教育的對策。隨著兩方對於終身教育的努力，終身教育的教育方式越來越多元，但社會教育究竟能利用什麼樣的方式，進行社會知識的傳遞？近二十年來開始被密集研究的「實踐社群」（Community of practice）正是相當適合終身學習的社會學習理論，並且在終身教育界已經有實際的應用例子。本文研究目的有兩個：一、了解實踐社群在終身教育人才培育的成效。二、依據現況對於未來推動終身教育組織與人才培育的建議。研究方法採用文件分析法以及個案分析法，並輔以研究者長期在實務上的操作與觀察。研究發現實踐社群確實是可以相當契合的運用在終身教育的人才培育上。社區大學的團隊扮演了一個很好的支援團隊與協調社群的角色，社區大學做爲協調社群要不斷地提供新的點子，激發成員和實務的活力。除此之外，社大應協助原本失去活力的社群成員重新確認他們的承諾，激發成員重新振作，更重要的是培養社群中的領導人更是不可或缺的，新的領導人也會讓社群產生不同的力量，最後協調社群的功能一定要彰顯，讓各種不同的社群能夠交流、互相支持。政府在對社區大學的補助撥款方面，一定要特別注意時效與承諾，也應該扮演輔導的角色，畢竟社區大學終究是個「大學」，是終身教育的學園，而非國民學校。

關鍵字

實踐社群 ； 社區大學

並列摘要

According to the issue of aging society and successful aging emerged, the demand of lifelong education become more import. The community college that the new type of education organization began to flourish in such environment. The government also introduces the concept of learning city from occident for supplying the lifelong education. The ways of lifelong education are more diverse because the lifelong education has been developing. In recently decades, ＂Community of practice＂ has been intensive studied and regards a appropriate theory of the social learning. In fact, it has already been applying in some community college. The study has two purposes: First, the understanding community of practice the result which cultivates talented person in the lifelong education. Second, will impel the suggestion based on present situation regarding the future which the lifelong education organization and the talented person will cultivate. The research technique uses the document analytic method as well as the case analytic method, and auxiliary by researcher for a long time in practice operation and observation. The research discovered the community of practice is truly the utilization which may quite agree with cultivates talented person on in the lifelong education. The community college's team has acted a very good support team and the coordinated community role, the community university's coordinated social group must provide the new drop unceasingly, stimulates the member and food vigor.

並列關鍵字

community of practice ； community universtity