精緻化的Willig傅柯式論述分析方法：以Gee微觀論述分析劇場與圖像作為雙翼

在後現代思潮中，各種取向的質性研究日益受到重視。本文旨在提出剖析傅柯主體性的文本分析方法，亦即探究個人在充滿支配性社會論述的權力衝突所展現的主體性。本文延伸Ricoeur對文本分析的基本主張，藉由語言學的迂迴，來抵達對傅柯主體性的理解。具體做法是在Willig的傅柯式論述分析中，融入Gee的微觀論述分析，據以展開語言和社會表現分析之間的循環步驟，再以劇場圖像輔助反思歷程。該分析方法的目標在描述潛藏在文本中的論述，以及論述傳遞過程中的權力關係和個人主體性，從而達到批判理論的關鍵效度—激發社會實踐與變革。本文以一位女兒受害死亡的母親之敘說文本作為分析範例，用以說明這套方法的各個步驟。最後再檢視該分析方法的品質，並提出應用上的建議。

關鍵字

文本分析方法；論述分析；傅柯；劇場圖像

並列摘要

With the rise in postmodern thoughts, there has been an increased in attention to different approaches of qualitative research. This study proposed a text analysis method for Foucault's subjectivity, the way an individual fight with dominant social discourses. Willig proposed a six-stage method of Foucault-type discourse analysis. Through this analysis, researchers highlighted the subjectivity progressively. This study employed Ricoeur's perspective within which a detour through linguistics is adopted to achieve Foucault's understanding of subjectivity. More specifically, we integrated Gee's micro discourse analysis and Willig's Foucauldian discourse analysis to illustrate the circuitous paths between linguistics and social performance analysis. We then supplemented this with theatre imagination to facilitate reflection. The goal of this methodology was to describe the discourse hidden in the text, the power relationship, and the individual subjectivity within the discourse, as a way to achieve key validity for critical theory and to inspire social changes. We also presented an example about a bereaved mother suffering from the violent death of her daughter to illustrate the steps in this analysis. Finally, we examined the quality of this method and suggested its application.