從注意力、觀察力與創造力三者相互關係建構AOC三階段視覺觀察法之創意教學啟發模式

The Creative Heuristic Model of Visual Observation with AOC Three Stages Constructed from Relation among Attention, Observation and Creativeness

陳瀚凱(Han-Kai Chen) ； 管倖生(Shing-Sheng Guan)

《設計研究》 5期 (2005/07) Pp. 62-72

https://doi.org/10.30178/SJYJ.200507.0008

摘要

本研究主要以注意力、觀察力與創造力三者互動關係於視覺傳達設計上的教學應用為主，以「視覺構成」課為例，做為教學觀察與內容分析的基礎。主要探討問題，第一屬於「抽象與具象的模糊地帶」，即無法即時的把「抽象概念」轉換成實際應用的「具體設計」，例如海報設計、編輯設計、插畫設計等，因此也導致許多課程都在反覆有關視覺構成原理。第二有關「創造力的啟發」問題，創意聯想雖然是天馬行空，但在缺乏有效的方法之下造成許多人在做創意聯想時有「想不出來！」的窘境發生。最後為「觀察與注意」（Observation & Attention）問題，事實上許多好的創意都存在於週遭生活環境當中，只是未被發覺出來而已，應如何觀察？而相對的問題則是如何使自己的設計作品容易被察覺與注意？基於此，本研究認為如何適時導入創造力（Creativeness）的聯想方法於教學當中，並同時考量觀察（Observation）和注意力（Attention）兩者的關係，評估三者相互關係之運用使學生能夠經由課程學習到如何的把抽象概念正確轉換成具象的寶務設計。研究目的有三點，1.探求關於國內現況在創造力與「啟發式視覺構成法」相關課程的教學方法與實際操作流程調查。2.探討如何把「抽象概念」轉換成實際應用的「其總概念設計」的教學策略。研究方法則包括文獻回顧與歸納分析、教學驗證與觀察、內容分析等。研究架構則是以注意力（Attention）、觀察力（Observation）與創造力（Creativeness）三者關係，建構一套「AOC創意啟發教學模式」（The AOC Creativeness heuristic model）的評估流程。最後在結論與建議上，在「三階段視覺搜尋觀察法」上，本研究共歸納整理出18項設計建議與參考，包折「尺寸性、節點性、角度性、動態性、陰影性、明暗性、色彩性、數量性、模組性、修正性、組合性、預測性、簡潔性、機能性、聯想性、裝飾性、獨特性、構成性等」，最後予以建構完整的「AOC創意啟發教學模式」（The AOC Creativeness heuristic model）的評估流程。

關鍵字

視覺構成 ； 注意力 ； 觀察力 ； 創造力

並列摘要

This study is to mainly focus on interactive relation among Attention. Observation and Creativeness for teaching application of visual communication design, and take ”Visual Construction” as an example to be base of teaching observation and content analysis. The primary researching question is slated as below: 1. To study 『Abstract and Substantial Indistinct Zone』. 2. To study problem in relation to 『Creative Heuristic Method』. 3. To study 『Observation and Attention』. As a matter of fact, a lot of excellent ideas fully exist in our surrounding living environment, and they have not been found out yet. How to observe? The opposite problem is how to make your designed work to be discovered and noticed easily. Based on the above, this study holds how to properly lead association manner of creativeness into teaching and also consider relationship between observation and attention in order to evaluate application of mutual relationship among these three factors, and enable students to learn how to transfer abstract concept to substantial practical design through their curriculums. There are two points of this study purpose: 1. To discuss domestic & overseas current situation and teaching method in relation to the course of 『heuristic visual construction』, and make investigation of practical application procedure. 2. To study the teaching strategy of how to transfer 『Abstract Concept』 to 『Substantial Concept Designed』; The researching includes literature retrospect & generalizing analysis, teaching evidencing & observation, and content analysis etc. The study frame is in accordance with relationship among Attention, Observation and Creativeness to constitute evaluation procedure of 「The ”attention, observation and creativeness (abbreviated as AOC) Creativeness heuristic model”」. The ”attention, observation and creativeness (abbreviated as AOC) Creativeness heuristic model” was derived. Two categories (30 items) are summarized and suggested for the communication design. Firstly, the Visual Observation category has 18 items including Orientation, Nodes, Size, Movement, Shadow, Brightness, Color, quantity, Combination，Template, Correct, Forecast, Simple, Function, Associate, Decoration, uniqueness and Construction. Secondly, the visual construction category has 7 items including metaphor, inducement, grouping, organization, transformation, associable. Aesthetic, Clearly, Balance, Movement, Construct and Symbol.

並列關鍵字

Visual Construction Design ； Attention ； Observation ； Creativeness