美學工程－全民參與環境改造與公民美學教育之研究

Aesthetics Engineering-A Research on the Participation of All Citizens in Environmental Reconstruction and Civil Aesthetics Education

許浩龍(Hao-Long Hsu) ； 李傳房(Chang-Franw Lee) ； 何肇喜(Chao-His Ho)

《設計研究》 6期 (2006/07) Pp. 12-19

https://doi.org/10.30178/SJYJ.200607.0002

摘要

台灣這個位於太平洋上的美麗海島國家，因為受到海洋、自然地理特質與人文條件的影響，發展出獨特的地方文化特質。在經濟發展、都市化的時代變遷過程中，過往因為創造性的毀滅與區域不均等的發展迷思，讓台灣這片土地曾經有過的文化感動逐漸被湮沒於荒煙漫草之中。台灣經濟奇蹟的背後，竟是自然生態環境的破壞、城鄉景觀美學的醜陋、以及生活空間失落所付出的慘痛代價，一個去地方脈絡的文化發展迷思與經驗。面對這一錯誤的發展方式，文建會因而於1994年開始推動社區總體營造，以回應社會改革的壓力。本研究藉由美學工程的論述與探討，藉由全民參與環境改造與公民美學教育之議題論述，思索美學的再造工程。研究上透過文獻回顧與田野調查的方法，對台灣的環境美學營造經驗進行觀察與分析。以陳其南先生的公民美學論述觀點，作為整體研究的理論架構，同時藉由環境補綴的相關文獻經驗回顧，作為空間分析的向度與理論基礎。城市改造與環境意義的重塑，是一個社會意識的建構工程，一個文化改造的歷史行動，改造我們這個缺乏公德與環境美的社會。公民美學、生活美學，必須經過長期薰陶、培養，才能見到成效。環境的營造與美學工程的再造，需透過教育、公部門、專業者與社會公民藉由行動方式來積極地實踐。芬蘭小學美學教育的營造理念，具體化了生活的教科書，從作中學習，培育學子的創造與審美能力，且為持續性的最後一哩營造工程，藉由長期性的美學工程教育，將社會整體的美感經驗營造出來，這些革新理念值得取經與學習。

關鍵字

美學工程 ； 公民美學 ； 環境補綴 ； 文化改造

並列摘要

Taiwan is a beautiful island in the Pacific Ocean. Affected by the ocean, natural geographical characteristics and human cultural conditions, it has developed unique local cultural traits. During the process of economic development and urbanization and the change of era, the cultural sensation, which Taiwan once possessed in the past, has been destroyed by the creative perdition and the uneven regional development. Behind the Taiwanese wonder of economic growth are the breakage of natural ecological environment, the ugliness of urban and rural landscape aesthetics, the painful cost of the loss of living space, and the embarrassment and experiences of delocalized cultural development. Faced by the wrong development mode, the Council for Cultural Affairs launched the movement of community overall planning in 1994 to respond to the stress of social reform. This research probes into the reformation of aesthetics through discussion on aesthetics engineering and the participation of all citizens in environmental reconstruction and civil aesthetics education. Based on the existing literatures and through field investigation, the author has observed and analyzed the experience of Taiwan in aesthetics planning. The civil aesthetic theory of Mr. Chen Chih-Nan is adopted as the theoretical structure of the whole research, and the related literatures on environmental patching are used as the dimensions and theoretical basis of spatial analysis. The urban reformation and the remolding of environmental meaning is a project of structuring social consciousness and a historic action reforming culture. It reforms our society that lacks of social morality and environmental beauty. The effect of civil aesthetics and life aesthetics could not be seen without a long time of cultivation. The planning of environment and reconstruction of aesthetics engineering requires the active practice of education, the public sector, professionals, and all citizens. In the primary schools in Finland, the aesthetics education is to crystallize the textbook of life and learn from practice, so as to cultivate the creativity and aesthetics ability of the students. As a last-mile planning project, it creates the aesthetics experiences of the whole society through the long-term aesthetics engineering education. We should learn from these innovative ideas.

並列關鍵字

aesthetics engineering ； civil aesthetics ； environmental patching cultural reconstruction