工作限制下介入訓練對網球正手拍技能表現的影響

The Effect of Task Constraints and the Training Process on Tennis Forehand Skills Performance

林耀豐(Yaw-Feng Lin)

《大專體育學術專刊》 93年度 (2004/05) Pp. 337-351

https://doi.org/10.6695/AUES.200405_93.0037

摘要

本研究的主要目的在探討：不同工作限制與訓練歷程，對技能操控與技能表現能力的影響。本研究實驗一為先前研究，主要在確認實驗參與者網球學習週數及工其的信度與效度檢定；實驗二的實驗參與者分別為一般科系（平均身高：171.52±4.78公分、平均體重：68.73±4.48公斤）、體育科系（平均身高：173.23±3.35公分、平均體重：71.27±5.32公斤）及網球選手（平均身高：175.48±3.38公分、平均體重：72.72±4.53公斤）等三組，隨機分派至短拍小拍面組、中拍中拍面組、長拍大拍面組與控制組等四組，共計120名男性。在實驗二期間每位實驗參加者依不同組別以三種球拍長度與三種拍面面積的組合（65公分的平方英吋、68公分110平方英吋及71公分120平方英吋）與控制組（原來使用的球拍），分別做32次正手拍擊球技能表現的前測與後測，其間介入四週的影片回饋教學與實際擊球之訓練課程，並以獨立樣本單因子共變數分析來考驗工作限制下之技能表現是否可藉由訓練的歷程而獲得改善。而研究結果指出：不同工作限制下之球拍型態組別在技能表現品質方面，經影片分析回饋與實際擊球練習之介入訓練後皆顯現出其效應；而各肢體之技能表現品質在各組間雖有進步的趨勢，但進步的幅度並非呈現出一致的趨勢，顯示各動作成分之間的發展並非同步。

關鍵字

運動發展 ； 工作限制

並列摘要

The main objectives of this research were: Investigate the effect of task constraints and the training process on skills control and skills performance ability. The participants in Experiment 1 of this study were university students at different skill levels, 40 from each of these three categories: 1) general science departments (Height, 17 1.52±4.78 cm, Weight, 68.73±4 .4 8 kg), 2) the Dept. of Physical Education (Height, 173.23±3.35 cm, Weight, 71.27±5.32 kg), and 3) tennis team Players (Height, 175 .48±3.38 cm, Weight, 72.72±4.53 kg), for a total of 120 males. Experiment 2 extended the research of Experiment 1. The same participants (N= 120) were randomly assigned to four groups, 1) a short racket and small face area group, 2) a medium racket and face area group, 3) a long racket and large face area group, and 4) a control group. In Experiment 2, the 4 groups described above entered a four-week training program composed of video feedback teaching and practice hitting. This was in order to investigate whether skills performance under task constraints can be improved through the course of training. The results of this study show that: In terms of the quality of skills performance for the different groups under different task constraints, following the film analysis feedback and the practice hitting training, the effectiveness of this training was clear. There was a trend towards improvement in the quality of skills performance for each individual extremity. However, the range of improvement was not the same for each group, showing that the development of the components of each action is not synchronous.

並列關鍵字

motor development ； task constraints