馬拉松賽後血液生化值的變化

本研究之目的主要是在探討馬拉松比賽前、後及賽後一天、三天之血清生化值的變化及恢復情形。以參加2003年12月由台北市政府舉辦的台北國際馬拉松賽的12位男性長跑選手為研究對象，於賽前三天、賽後立即、賽後第一天及第三天各抽血3ml，以血液生化分析儀檢測血清中血乳酸、血醣、尿酸、鈣離子、納離子和鉀離子濃度的變化。研究結果發現，馬拉松賽後立即的時間點上，血乳酸濃度及血醣濃度均顯著高於賽前安靜值，且於賽後一天即顯著回復至正常濃度範圍，而賽後尿酸濃度也上升，雖然未達顯著，但超出正常濃度範圍；而血清中的鈣離子濃度和鉀離子濃度於馬拉松賽後，也顯著高於賽前安靜值，直到賽後三天仍尚未回復至賽前安靜水準，而鈉離子則於賽後呈現下降的趨勢，但未達顯著。研究結論：長時間的馬拉松運動，會導致人體生化平衡改變，賽後血乳酸及尿酸濃度的升高顯示馬拉松賽對受試者而言，屬於中高強度的運動；而鈣離子、針離子濃度顯著的上升可能顯示著因血清中鈉離子濃度隨著運動中體液的流失而下降，導致針離子及鈣離子移出到細胞外以維持血液中電解質的平衡。因此在比賽中及賽後要注意水分及電解質的補充，避免因體液流失及血液中電解質濃度的改變而造成脫水、抽筋的現象，且有助於尿酸的排除。

關鍵字

馬拉松；血乳酸；血醣；尿酸；電解質

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of blood variables after marathon race. The subjects of this study were twelve male runner joined Taipei International Marathon in December 2003. Blood samples were taken three days before exercise, immediately after the game, the first day, and the third day after recovery states. The concentrations of lactate acid, glucose, urine acid, Ca2+, K+, and Na+ in serum were analyzed. Lactate acid and glucose were increased significantly (p＜.05) immediately after the race and decreased to normal range after one day. Urine acid was also increase immediately after the race but was not significant. Ca^2+ and K^+ were also increased significantly (p＜.05) immediately after the race but were not recovery after three days. Na+ was decreased immediately after the race but was not significant. From materials above, the blood variables changed after marathon race. After marathon race, the increase of lactate acid and urine acid showed that marathon race was high intense exercise for the subjects. The increase of Ca^2+ and K^+ may due to the decrease of Na^+ during the race, so they moved into serum for electrolyte balance in serum. Therefore, it is important to supplement water and electrolyte during and after the race to avoid dehydration and twitch.

並列關鍵字

marathon ； lactate ； glucose ； urine acid ； electrolyte

國際替代計量

馬拉松賽後血液生化值的變化

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