論台灣博物館時代流變暨觀光展示

博物館作為當代全球文化觀光發展之重要領域。本文以質性研究紮根理論為主，透過國內外博物館相關文獻，逐字逐句的編碼，將資料分解並概念化，田野調查、資料搜集分析以及文獻閱讀交互進行，將台灣博物館百年流變，以典範精神之移轉，進行分期整飾，殖民主義（1900s-1940s）、國族主義（1950s-1960s）、現代主義（1970s-1980s）、社區主義（1990s至今），瞭解台灣博物館事業百年來與觀光展示息息相關，從早期做為殖民地風土櫥窗，到中華文化之正統，而後社會教育政策下的校外參訪社教機構，以及今日的各類型博物館成為台灣城鄉觀光資源，亦論及國際博物館界當下媒合文創觀光之趨勢。博物館的觀光展示，可作為理解差異促進和平的可能，更是文化創造力的創意來源，是故，文化多樣性應作為未來之博物館觀光政策，以政策引導執行之主要精神。然而目前台灣並未有實質政策推動。本文以為，台灣不應自外於全球博物館社群與觀光及文創產業媒合之趨勢，故中央主管部會應積極研擬政策，改善整體台灣城鄉博物館大環境，方能展現台灣博物館群之文創觀光能量。

關鍵字

博物館；文化觀光；文化創意產業；文化多樣性；文化政策

並列摘要

Museum plays a significant role in complimentary global culture tourism. This study is based on qualitative research which decodes local and international relative literature, analyze and conceptualize information interacted with field study and data collection. It indicated the transformation of Taiwan local museums and change of idolism by dividing into Colonialism (1900s-1940s), Nationalism (1050s-1960s), Modernism (1970s-1980s) and Communitarianism (1900s- now). Taiwan museums ' changing is closely connected with tourism exhibiting, such as window of colon y people and culture, spirits of Chinese culture, social and educational institutes, local tourism resources, and trend s of cultural and creative tourism. Tourism Exhibiting in museum s could be the possibility of understanding of difference and peacemaking and it also could be the drive of cultural creativity. Therefore, culture diversity should be the part of museum tourism policies. However, Taiwan has not taken any essential actions so far. This study concluded that Taiwan should not exempt itself from the global museum community and behind the trend of tourism and culture creative industries. The Authorities should proactively make polices and improve the environments of museums in Taiwan to demonstrate the cultural and creative tourism energy of Taiwan local museums.