反共作家？鄉土作家？或現代主義作家？－朱西甯文學研究史小考

本文試圖由「研究史」的角度，重新考察部分具代表性的朱西甯研究，由這些研究觀點引發如何評估朱西甯文學史地位的若干問題。由這些前行研究可得知，要研究朱西甯，首先需面對如何將美學高度政治化，也把政治高度美學化的朱西甯美學，辯證性地思考與把握。一向走自己信仰路線的朱西甯，他的反共文學、鄉土文學、戰爭文學，正是與主流的官方立場與文風走著「和而不同」的路線；然同時這種路線卻又在瀰漫著中國文明、民族文化的情懷裡，與台灣民間、本土的文學傳統與立場構成了既緊張又混雜的特殊關係。朱西甯的文學，無可避免地與他流亡、軍旅、宗教、文化使命等際遇所形構的立場息息相關；甚且，他還堅持以一套形同信仰的理念來回應各種立場的挑戰，並未迴避與人論戰。那麼，刻意只談文化政治因素，或刻意只提純粹美學因素，這兩種研究取向，都難以兼顧到書寫主體所具有的複雜性。因此，關於朱西甯研究的進展，實在到了朝更有彈性而務實的方向轉變的時機。

關鍵字

朱西甯；研究史；反共文學；鄉土文學；現代主義

並列摘要

This paper attempts to re-examine ports of critical research on Chu Hsi-Ning from the perspective of the history of research. According to the former studies, if we want to study on Chu, firstly, we should face the fact that Chu's aesthetics were highly politicized, and his politics were also highly aestheticized. Therefore, We have to interpret them with dialectical thinking. Chu had always stuck to his faith, his anti-communist, nativist and war literatures took the same direction with the mainstream in term of position and style, but not quite the same route.The present research results were either swung to the cultural-political side or simply stayed on the aesthetic aspect but hard to concern on the complexity of the writing subject. Thus, it is the right and proper opportunity to make a flexible and pragmatic change on Chu.