丹大布農族狩獵文化調查研究

The Study of Hunting Culture of Bunun Tribe at Danda Region

陳美惠(Mei-Hui Chen) ； 彭建豪(Jian-Hao Pong)

《原住民自然人文期刊》 創刊號 (2009/09) Pp. 59-82

https://doi.org/10.29875/JNHEIP.200909.0002

摘要

本研究為瞭解南投縣信義鄉丹大地區布農族的狩獵文化，自2006年7月至2008年2月，總計訪問56名受訪者。研究顯示，南投丹大地區濁水溪流域居民以布農族巒社群、卡社群、丹社群為主，其獵區亦同樣分為巒社群、卡社群、丹社群之獵區；狩獵時期受天候與農忙因素的影響，主要在每年的九月、十月至隔年的三月、四月；狩獵方式以持獵槍狩獵居多；狩獵的禁忌中，以族人過世與夢占最受丹大布農族人所相信。與狩獵有關的儀式包括狩獵前團體一同進行的獵槍祭、個人進入獵區的儀式、個人捕獲獵物的儀式，以及狩獵後團體一同進行的報戰功等儀式。主要的狩獵物種為山羌、台灣長鬃山羊、台灣野豬、台灣水鹿、大赤鼯鼠與白面鼯鼠；為了讓獵物可以保存一段時間，會以燻乾的方式來保存獵物；獵物的取捨以是否能夠取得該獵物，以及自身能否背負來衡量。2007年丹大地區各部落依據野生動物保育法新增第21-1條申請獵捕保育類野生動物，使得原住民族基於傳統文化、祭儀需要使用野生動物的文化取得法源。

關鍵字

丹大地區 ； 布農族 ； 狩獵 ； 野生動物保育法

並列摘要

This study aims to study the hunting culture of Bunun tribe at Danda region of Nantou County. 56 respondents are interviewed during year 2006 to 2008. Results show that there are three communities at Danda regions: Taki-banoan, Taki-bahka, and Taki-vadan. The ancestral hunting grounds of the three communities are recognized by communities with consensus. The hunting season is decided by the weather and farming period. Usually they will hunt in holidays or when they are not busy at farming during September to April of the next year. Shotguns and traps are popular ways for hunting. Furthermore, taboos about death and dream are believed by most Bunun people in Danda region. There are different hunting ceremonies: ceremory for shotguns before hunting, cercemory for a single hunter before hunting, ceremony for preys hunted by a single hunter, and celebration ceremony for hunting groups after hunting. The major hunting preys are Formosan muntjac, Formosan serow, Formosan wild boar, Formosan sambar and flying squirrels. The preys are smoked to avoid putrid. The way that hunters select preys will depend on the weights of preys they can carry. In 2007 those communities held a hunting festival legally since the section of article 21-1 of the Wildlife Conservation Act permits the hunting action based on the need of preserving hunting culture. It shows an important step for the authority and tribes achieving a consensus of allowing hunting to preserve hunting culture.

並列關鍵字

Danda region ； Bunun ； hunting ； Wildlife Conservation Act