中國「一帶一路」倡議在拉美國家的實踐：內涵與展望

China's BRI Practice in Latin America: Content and Perspective

沈明室(Ming-Shih Shen)

《拉丁美洲經貿季刊》 36期 (2019/03) Pp. 2-17

摘要

當中國提出連結重要區域經濟的重大合作計畫時，失去美國扶持的拉美國家，只好尋求中國的協助。但原本與中國經濟連結不深的拉美國家，須先深入瞭解可能面臨的機會與挑戰，並從機會中提升經濟利益，避開挑戰的衝擊。事實上，部分拉美國家只看到中國遠程發展規劃藍圖，擔憂自己落後於其他拉美國家，可能趨向邊緣化，而去盲目跟隨中國一個不成熟、變數又大的長遠政策。中國「一帶一路」對拉美地區進行大規模基礎設施投資和發展新的貿易路線，讓拉美區域具備經濟發展活力，使中國已經逐漸取代美國在拉丁美洲的貿易地位。美國若想重新主導拉美區域經濟，並不容易。然而拉美國家須考量在「一帶一路」中可以做些什麼，可以獲得何種利益，是否因為融合進入中國主導的區域經濟合作體系，最後喪失主權獨立性，甚至陷入債務陷阱。

關鍵字

「一帶一路」倡議 ； 尼加拉瓜運河 ； 中－拉共體論壇

並列摘要

When China proposed a major cooperation plan linking the important regional economies, the Latin American countries that lost US economic support tend to seek China's support and assistance. However, for those Latin American countries that were not deeply connected with the China, must to understand the opportunities and challenges before they join the BRI, not only to enhance economic interests from the opportunities, but avoid the impact of challenges. However, some Latin American countries only saw China's long-term development plan, and worried that they were lagging behind other Latin American countries, and they might become marginalized, so blindly followed the China's immature and variable policies. China's Belt and Road Initiative for large-scale infrastructure investment in Latin America and the development of new trade routes have enabled Latin America to become economically active. China may replace the United States' trade impact in Latin America. It is not easy for the United States to return to Latin America. However, Latin American countries must consider carefully what they can do in the BRI, what kind of benefits can be obtained, whether to integrate into the China-led regional economic cooperation system, and even finally lose sovereign independence for huge debt trap.

並列關鍵字

BRI ； Nicaragua Canal ； Sino-Latin Community Forum