從災害心理落實「料想中管理」之研究

A study on disaster psychology how to carry out ＂Manage as expected＂

李宗勳(Tzung-Shiun Li)

《中央警察大學警察行政管理學報》 17期 (2021/05) Pp. 25-41

摘要

目前國際災害防救與安全促進均強調從『災後心理』（Post-disaster psychology）轉化為『災害心理』（Disaster psychology）或『災前心理』（Pre-disaster psychology），復原重建關注的是如何透過災後檢討學習，強化到預防意識及『料想中管理』的整備」，藉此以提升社會安全韌性。相對於『災後心理』強調「災後」心理創傷 的輔導及修復，「災害心理」是指我們「災前」對災害的認知、防範的意識、行動的意願等心理歷程及實際表現。所以強化「災害心理」的風險認知會提升民眾防範的公民意識及備災行動，落實「料想中管理」（manage as expected）或「想定內管理」（Manage within expectations）。本文先驅性引介災害心理相關學理及概念、內容，繼而就目前災害心理的研究導入與實務用用案例作一簡要介紹，最後提出研究的建議及後續研究方向。

關鍵字

災害心理 ； 災後心理 ； 料想中管理 ； 想定內管理 ； 社區心理韌性

並列摘要

Recent years international disaster prevention and safety promotion are emphasized discussion on ＂disaster psychology＂. Gradually start from ＂Post-disaster psychology＂ transform into ＂Pre-disaster psychology＂, even more detailed discussion of the psychological impact of the state of emergency. This paper explores literature review of disaster psychology and ＂Manage as expected＂, and discuss the introduction of disaster psychology research and the application of technology, and also introduce cases of practical use of disaster psychology. Look to the future, this paper will continue focus on resilient communities how to prepare disaster based on citizenship from the perspective of risk governance. It is expected to achieve the construction of the local analysis framework and verification design of ＂disaster psychology＂ used in community disaster prevention, grasp and understand how ＂disaster psychology＂ is currently being used in community disaster prevention and how application results, propose strategies and system suggestions for applying ＂disaster psychology＂ in implementing community disaster prevention and preparation actions.

並列關鍵字

disaster psychology ； post-disaster psychology ； manage as expected ； manage within expectations ； community psychology resilience