This article analyzes the difficulties encountered by non-Western psychologists in constructing theories of indigenous psychologies by the approach of naïve positivism. In order to overcome the difficulties the author argues that it is necessary for indigenous psychologists to construct theories which may represent universal mind of human beings as well as the particular mentalities of people living in a specific culture. Such theories may be used as framework to develop empirical-analytical, historical hermeneutic and critical sciences simultaneously (Habermas, 1968).