青少年親子衝突歷程的建設性轉化：從研究觀點的轉換到理論架構的發展

The Constructive Transformation Process of Parent-Adolescent Conflict: An Emerging Framework

葉光輝(Kuang-Hui Yeh)

《高雄行為科學學刊》 3期 (2012/05) Pp. 31-59

https://doi.org/10.29854/TJKBS.201205.0002

摘要

本文採取晚近正向心理學的研究取向，並整合青少年發展與家庭生命週期觀點，對親子衝突概念進行更周延的審視與理論建構，使親子衝突歷程蘊含的正向功能，能在華人家庭文化脈絡中得到適切呈現。透過文獻回顧與概念分析，本文提出可能促使親子衝突朝建設性方向轉化的四項關鍵要素：親子雙方在衝突處理歷程中的「認知評估」、「調節模式」、「溝通型態」及「解決策略」；在此理論架構下，建設性親子衝突的轉化歷程亦可與孝道所隱含的親情、信任、同理心等內涵相連結，使孝道在華人親子衝突歷程中的正向調節效果得以顯現。本文特別強調研究典範、理論架構的正向轉向，除了重新把握「建設性親子衝突」概念之性質、內涵，並著重親子衝突與多層次正向發展結果（如促進青少年自主性發展、親子關係親密度、親職功能順利轉型等）之理論連結，以期此理論架構有助於將「建設性親子衝突」導向更具體明確的實徵轉換，俾利後續研究的進展與成果累積。

關鍵字

建設性衝突 ； 衝突因應歷程 ； 華人親子互動 ； 青少年發展 ； 家庭生命週期

並列摘要

Based upon the emerging trends in positive psychology, this paper re-probes into the concept of parent-child conflict from the perspectives of adolescent development and family life cycle and tries to construct a theoretical framework to elucidate some potential functions of parent-adolescent conflict within the Chinese family context. According to the results of related conceptual review and analysis, this paper suggests four key components that involve with the process of constructive or positive transfer in parent-adolescent conflict: ”how to evaluate the conflict event”, ”how to regulate the negative emotion”, ”how to communicate effectively”, and ”how to resolve the conflict”. Since the trust, empathy and mutual support that are contained in filial piety could be connected to constructive transfer process in parent-adolescent conflict, the positive role of filial piety and its conciliating effect that have rarely been appropriately discussed in previous relevant research would have a chance to manifest under the proposed framework. On the theoretical level, this paper focuses on how to clarify the positive turn in theory and research on parent-adolescent conflict from a paradigm-shift perspective, and on how to link the conflict with multiple beneficial outcomes for both adolescents and parents, such as autonomy development during adolescence, parent-adolescent intimacy, and family resilience. On the research level, some feasible strategies for future empirical studies is also addressed.

並列關鍵字

constructive conflict ； conflict coping process ； Chinese parent-child interaction ； adolescent development ； family life cycle