一位高齡寡母悲傷調適之歷程：宗教信仰與意義建構

The Accommodation Process of an Elder Widow's Bereavement: Religious Belief and Meaning Construction

張娟鳳(Chuan-Feng Chang) ； 李亞芸(Ya-Yun Li) ； 林宜美(I-Mei Lin)

《高雄行為科學學刊》 6期 (2018/06) Pp. 69-98

https://doi.org/10.29854/TJKBS.201806_(6).0004

摘要

死亡雖是生命必經之路，但面對至親的離去，是一種錐心之痛，這是每個人必須因應的課題。研究目的探究一位高齡寡母，在一年內面臨女兒預期性的罹癌逝世（有心理準備，有機會做些補償行為以減少遺憾）與兒子不預期性的昏迷猝死（悲傷失落，有著未盡事宜與來不及道別的遺憾，同時還需面對外人異樣的眼光），如何選擇宗教信仰與其意義建構，度過喪親調適的歷程。研究方法先半結構訪談個案和教會同儕，再將逐字稿進行敘說分析。研究結果發現宗教信仰帶給她兩方面的協助：一是心裡的平安、交託、感恩、禱告及死後再相見的盼望，二是牧者與會友的醫院探訪、臨終陪伴及告別式的安排，讓個案得到安慰。在意義建構方面，個案認為兒女的離去是上帝的旨意，所以自己要好好活著（創造意義）﹔由於女兒生病才有機會接觸教會，感覺自己是幸福的，而且可以成為別人的幫助（發現）；雖然只剩獨自一人，但加入教會的大家庭（改變認同）。本研究期待個案的調適歷程可為喪親者借鏡，所發現的正向因素可供悲傷輔導者參考。

關鍵字

喪親 ； 宗教信仰 ； 復原力 ； 意義建構

並列摘要

Although death is unavoidable in the journey of life, the heartbreaking pain of bereavement is an issue that everyone has to cope with. The research purpose is to investigate how an elder widow chose religious belief and constructed its meanings after facing the death of her daughter caused by cancer (expected grief; have psychological preparation, have opportunities to compensate and reduce regrets) and the sudden death of her son caused by coma (unexpected grief; sad and lose, have unfinished business, regret to don't say goodbye, and must face others' difficult eyesight) to go through the accommodation process of bereavement. For the research methods, firstly, this study performed semi-structured interviews on the subject and her peers in church. Secondly, this study performed narrative analysis on the transcripts of interviews. The research results showed that, religious belief brought her assistance in two aspects: one is mental peace, trust, gratitude, prayer, and hope for reunion after death, while the other is that the hospital visits, company before death, and arrangement of farewell ceremony of pastor and church members comforted the subject. In terms of construction of meanings, the subject suggested that the death of her daughter and son is God's will. Therefore, she will live well (creation of meanings): Were it not for her daughter's illness, she would never have the chance to go to church. Therefore, she felt that she is lucky and can provide assistance to other people (discovery of benefits). Although she is alone, she has the big family of church (change of identity). It is hoped that the accommodation process of the subject can be provided as an example for those who experience bereavement. The positive factors extracted from this study can be provided as reference for grief counselor.

並列關鍵字

Bereavement ； Religious Belief ； Resilience ； Meaning Construction