知識管理應用在老人住宅物業計之探討

Study on Knowledge Management of Property Servic Design for Elderly Housing

湛淵源(Yuan-Yuan Chen) ； 劉佩淳(Pei-Chuen Liu)

《物業管理學會論文集》 第2屆 (2008/05) Pp. A42-A58

https://doi.org/10.29468/PMR.200805.0003

摘要

1994年，老人（65歲以上，銀髮族）的人口比例佔總人口數約7%、已達聯合國世界衛生組織（WHO）訂定老人化國家之列；2007年，目前約佔10% ; 2026年時，將可達20%，平均每五個國民之中即有一位銀髮族，人口老化速度逼近世界第一，和鄰國日本相近，老人住宅設計建築興建，已刻不容緩，老人社區建築物業服務設計，乃當務之急。本研究結合老人住宅建築設計與無障礙空間設計的知識，期望對於銀髮族者未來生活，提供一個優質潔淨及沒有障礙的居住環境，引入遠距居家照護系統，應用衛星定位或網際網路及電子郵件等傳輸技術，為銀髮族無時無刻照顧。老人社區能否提供完整的服務機制，端賴完善的建築物業服務設計與經營管理知識，使銀髮族能滿足WHO定義活躍老化之生理、心理及社會等三種健康範疇，在人生後半場能過著自在愉悅生活，控制老化速度，安養餘年，達到終生學習、自主尊嚴、建康快樂以及社會參與等銀髮族教育四大遠景。本研究引入知識管理KM=(P+K)*S公式，針對老人住宅和物業服務設計及銀髮族人文生活照護等資訊，廣泛進行一般資料及網路蒐集與搜尋、設計問卷現場訪視老人生活需求，經由群體探討分析，轉換蓄積成資訊與知識，整合建構老人建築與物業服務的知識地圖，促成訊息共享，提出解決人口老化所面臨的住宅與安養策略，轉變成企業智慧資本，分享建築業與物業服務業。

關鍵字

老人住宅建築設計 ； 無障礙空間設計 ； 遠距居家照護系統 ； 建築物業服務設計 ； 知識管理 ； 知識地圖

並列摘要

In 1994, about 7% of the population are senior citizens (over the age of 65), which reached the level of aging population defined by the World Health Organization (WHO). In 2007, the present figure is 10%. This number can reach 20% by 2026. On average, one in five persons will be senior. The growing rate of the aging population is almost fastest in the world, which is similar to our neighboring country, Japan. There is an urgent need for architecture design for housing for elderly residents. The need for architecture plans for community based care for elderly is also pressing. This study integrates knowledge of architecture design for elderly residents and barrier-free design, in an attempt to provide for the elderly with a fine, clean, and barrier-free living environment in the future, and also introduce distant home care service system, which includes utilizing technologies such as satellite, internet network, and e-mail. Whether the community can provide the elderly with a comprehensive service system depends on whether there is a quality design for property service and knowledge management, which aims at satisfying the needs of the elderly defined by the WHO –in terms of physical, psychological, and social health goals – and ensuring that the last chapters of peoples’ lives can be fulfilling. This study employs the function for knowledge management, KM=(P + K)*S. The targeted knowledge includes information about elderly housing, property service, and the basic care service offered to the elderly. It gathers general and online information, designs questionnaires, conducts interviews on the basic needs of the elderly. After ground discussion and analysis, the results are integrated and transferred into knowledge information. A knowledge map for architecture design and property service for elderly people will be constructed, in order to facilitate the sharing of information about strategies for housing safety and care for the aging population. The results will be transformed to intellectual capital and shared by architecture and real estate industries.

並列關鍵字

Elderly housing ； knowledge of architecture design ； barrier-free design ； distant home care ； property service design ； knowledge management ； knowledge map