我國之「專門職業及技術人員」大致上是相當於德國之「自由業」。德國對於傳統自由業的管理法制是採「國家間接行政」(mittelbare Staatsverwaltung)方式,將各該從業者組成「職業公會」(berufsständische Kammern),賦予自治行政權,使其自我管理,而國家則立於監督者之角色。本文內容在於介紹德國職業公會的組織及其相關問題、分析職業公會之任務類型、探討職業公會執行任務之手段與限制、以及論述國家對於職業公會之監督。最後,提出德國法制對於我國法制上之借鏡。
The ”Professionals and technologists” in Taiwan correspond with the ”Freie Berufe” (freelancer) in Germany. In Germany freelancers are grouped into associations of freelancer. Associations of freelancer have the right of self-administration. They belong to the indirect public administration and stand under state supervision.This article introduces the organisation of associations of freelancer in Germany, analyses their function, discusses instruments and limits of task fulfillment, and expounds state supervision. And finally, this article puts forward some proposals for domestic legal system.