韓國海洋管理體制及對中國的借鏡意義

Korean Ocean Governing Regimes and Experience China Can Draw from

于耀東(Yao-Dong Yu)

《臺灣海洋法學報》 10卷2期 (2012/12) Pp. 43-59

https://doi.org/10.29881/TLSR.201212.0003

摘要

海洋是一個整體，需要綜合管理。韓國海洋管理體制經歷了早期海洋事務廳綜合管理體制、中期多部門分散管理體制、後期海洋水產部綜合管理體制和現行國土海洋部綜合管理體制四個階段的演變過程。中國現行的海洋管理體制是分散管理體制，各涉海管理部門相互獨立，各自為政，導致職能重疊、資源浪費、管理效率低下等許多問題。韓國海洋管理體制改革的經驗和其綜合海洋管理體制，對中國海洋管理體制的改革和構建具有參考價值。本文研究韓國海洋管理體制的演變過程，分析其海洋綜合管理體制的優勢，並探討對中國海洋管理體制改革和構建的借鏡意義。

關鍵字

韓國海洋管理體制 ； 中國海洋管理體制 ； 分散管理 ； 綜合管理

並列摘要

Ocean is a single body and it needs a comprehensive management. The Korean ocean governing regime has undergone four stages of evolution, which include a concentrated governing regime featured by the Korean Maritime Affairs Bureau in early days, then a disintegrated governing regime, later a concentrated governing regime featured by the Korean Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, and currently a concentrated governing regime featured by the Korean Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs. The current ocean governing regime of China is a disintegrated one which causes problems such as overlapping functions of maritime related government agencies, waste of administrative resources, and low governing efficiency. China can learn a lot from Korean ocean governing experience. This article presents the evolution of Korean ocean governing regime, analyzes the advantages of concentrated governing regime, and discusses what experience China can draw from Korea to improve the ocean governing regime of China.

並列關鍵字

Korean ocean governing regime ； concentrated governing regime ； disintegrated governing regime

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