台灣中部地區果樹營養缺乏與過多症狀之調查

A Survey on the Nutrient Deficiencies and Excess in Fruit Trees in Central Taiwan

謝慶芳(C. F. Hsieh)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 28期 (1990/09) Pp. 3-21

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.199009.0003

摘要

本調查主要調查分析中部地區柑桔類、葡萄和梨等三種果樹之營養缺乏或過多症狀，主要內容包括：（1）果樹營養缺乏和過多症狀之描述，（2）葉片之取樣和分析，（3）土壤之取樣和分析，（4）缺乏或過多症狀之防治等。分析結果，柑桔類主要為缺鎂、鋅、錳、鐵，但彰化縣之葡萄柚、泰國文旦、柳橙則發現有錳鋅同時缺乏之現象；葡萄主要是缺鉀、鎂、錳、鐵、銅，但紅土地區則有鎂、銅或鉀、銅同時缺乏之問題，另在靠近窯業地區則有氟害問題。東勢之橫山梨則有嚴重缺鉀問題。上述生理症狀係根據現場實際情況加以描述，而防治法則根據作者之經驗並參考有關文獻所擬定。

關鍵字

果樹 ； 營養 ； 缺乏症 ； 過多症

並列摘要

This paper is a report of an investigation conducted for studying the nutrient deficiencies and excess in the fruit trees in central Taiwan. It mainly consists of the four parts: (1) description of the symptoms of nutrient deficiencies or excess in the fruit trees, (2) analyses for the plant samples, (3) analyses for the soils in the disordered area, (4) recommendations for the prevention of deficiency or excess. For the convenience of reference, it was presented separately with the kinds of fruit trees, and this paper is only limited in the three fruit trees, citrus, grape vine, and pear. Citrus was mainly deficient in the single element of either magnesium, zinc, manganese or iron, but deficiency in the double elements of manganese and zinc was found in grapefruit, pomelo, and Valencia in Changhua Hsien. Grape vine was deficient in the single element of either potassium, magnesium, manganese, iron, or copper, but deficiencies in the double elements of magnesium and copper or potassium and copper was easily found in the diluvial soil area, and fluorine toxicity was found in the brick factory area. Potassium deficiency was a widespread problem of Hengshan pear at Tungshih. The above symptoms of deficiencies or excess were described on the spots in the orchard. The recommendations for the prevention of disorders are made based on the data of the previous workers and the experience of the author.

並列關鍵字

Fruit tree ； Nutrient ； Deficiency ； Excess