中部地區簡易設施蔬菜害蟲發生調查

Survey on the Occurrence of Insect Pests on Vegetables under Pipehouse in Central Area of Taiwan

柯忠德(Chung-Te Ko) ； 陳慶忠(Ching-Chung Chen) ； 劉興隆(Hsing-Lung Liu)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 40期 (1993/09) Pp. 45-54

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.199309.0045

摘要

中部地區簡易設施栽培葉菜類蔬菜依面積多寡依序為甕菜、小白菜、芥藍菜、油菜、萵苣、青梗白菜、芥菜、莧菜、茼萵、菠菜、芹菜等。不同種類蔬菜發生之害蟲別及其經濟重要性隨栽培蔬菜種類、季節及設施內管理情況而異。主要栽培蔬菜發生害蟲之重要性依序甕菜為斜紋夜盜蟲、葉蟎；小白菜為黃條葉蚤、小菜蛾、斜紋夜盜蟲及番茄斑潛蠅；芥藍菜為小菜蛾、斜紋夜盜蟲；油菜為黃條葉蚤、小菜蛾；芥菜為小菜蛾、黃條葉蚤、斜紋夜盜蟲，其他如莧菜、萵苣、芹菜、菠菜、茼萵發生之害蟲種類較少，危害也較輕微。黃條葉蚤、小菜蛾及斜紋夜盜蟲為設施栽培葉菜類之重要害蟲，黃條葉蚤以3～4月及10～12月之乾燥季節發生最為嚴重；小菜蛾以11月至翌年5月發生較嚴重；斜紋夜盜蟲以10～12月發生較為嚴重。

關鍵字

網室 ； 蔬菜 ； 害蟲

並列摘要

In terms of cultivated areas, Ipomoea reptans L., Brassica chinensis L. (Pak-choi), B. nigra Koch, B. campestris L., Lactuca sativa L., B. chinensis L. (Ching-geeng), B. juncea Cosson., Amaranthus mangostanus L., Chrysanthemum coronarium L., Spinacia oleracea L. and Apium graveolens L. are the most important vegetables (in that order) grown under pipehouse throughout the year in central Taiwan. Insects occurring on vegetables under pipehouse vary with species of vegetable cultivated, seasons and management inside the facilities. The major pests on individual vegetable are tobacco cutworm (Spodoptera litura), Kanzawa spider mite (Tetranychus kanzawai) in I. reptans; striped flea beetle (Phyllotreta striolata), diamond-back moth (Plutella xylostella), tobacco cutworm and Liriomyza bryoniae in B. campestris; diamond-back moth and tobacco cutworm in B. nigra; striped flea beetle and diamond-back moth in B. campestris and diamond-back moth, striped flea beetle and tobacco cutworm in B. juncea. Pests occurring in other cultivated vegetables are fewer and their damage is always limited. Striped flea-beetle, diamond-back moth and tobacco cutworm are three major pests of facility cultivation. These pests occur throughout the year, however, the striped flea beetle reaches it peak from October to December and from March to April during dry seasons. Diamond-back moth reaches it peak from November to the next May and tobacco cutworm always causes serious damage during October to December.

並列關鍵字

pipehouse ； vegetable ； pest