土壤施藥法對唐菖蒲根蟎之防治效果

Control of Bulb Mites on Gladiolus by Soil Treatment

劉達修(Ta-Shiu Liu)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 49期 (1995/12) Pp. 33-40

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.199512.0033

摘要

根蟎生活於土中，主要危害作物之根莖部位，故施藥防治頗為困難。本試驗之目的在改進田間防治之一些缺點，探討土壤施藥法對根蟎之防治效果。由試驗結果得知，防治唐菖蒲根蟎應在種植前將種球施行浸藥處理，若不行浸種處理，可於種球種植時將藥液直接灌施在種球及植溝上，亦可得佳效。於唐菖蒲生育期，對根蟎防治應在種球種植後7～21天之間，以液態殺蟲劑行土壤灌藥者防治效果顯著，若延期施藥效果將隨之降低。本試驗結果發現，在防治唐菖蒲根蟎上，最有效之防治措施為種球先行浸藥，再於種植後7～28天內行土壤灌藥二次，將藥劑灌施於根際土壤，每公頃用水量不得少於4500 L，可得最佳效果。液劑施藥時，應選推薦之殺蟲劑（如普硫松）加殺菌劑撲克拉，必要時亦可添加展水（AquaGro）以增加效果。施用10%托福松粒劑（10% Terbufos G.）時，於種植時將粒劑撒施於植溝內，每公頃用藥量宜提高至60 kg始有佳效。若從經濟觀點考量，防治唐菖蒲根蟎，土壤施用粒劑比土壤灌施液劑較為經濟和省工。

關鍵字

唐菖蒲 ； 土壤施藥 ； 根蟎 ； 防治 ； 防治適期

並列摘要

Soil-dwelling bulb mites primarily damaged the underground bulbs of crops and are difficult to control by chemicals. The present work was aimed at evaluating the control effect of these mites by soil treatment in order to improve existing field control measures. Dipping gladiolus bulbs in insecticides prior to planting is an effective way for the control of these mites. Direct application of liquid insecticide to the bulbs and the ditches during planting is also feasible. Subsequently, the liquid insecticide should be applied to the soil 7 to 21 days after planting. Delayed treatment would result in reduced efficacy. For the control of bulb mites on gladiolus, the best measures included dipping bulbs in advance and applying insecticide solution twice onto the soils between 7 and 28 days after planting. The latter calls for applying the insecticides to the soils around the roots in ＞4500 liter of water per hectare, mixing fungicide prochloraz with the recommended insecticide (such as prothiofos), and adding adjuvant (such as AquaGro) to enhance the effectiveness. Spreading granular insecticides (such as 10% terbufos G) in the planting ditches at 60 kg/ha gives good control effect. Treating soil with granular insecticides instead of with liquid insecticide is labor saving and more economical.

並列關鍵字

gladiolus ； soil treatment ； bulb mites ； control and timing