有機栽培對水稻生育之影響

Effects of Organic Farming on the Growth of Rice

李健捀(Jiann-Feng Lee) ； 陳榮五(Yung-Wu Chen) ； 陳世雄(Shih-Shiung Chen)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 65期 (1999/12) Pp. 23-38

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.199912.0023

摘要

本試驗目的在比較化學栽培法、準有機栽培法及純有機栽培法，對水稻生育之影響。綜合三年六期作試驗結果顯示，使用菜籽粕做為有機質肥料，無論準有機或純有機栽培，二期作水稻產量均低於化學栽培，造成準有機栽培產量降低的原因，為一穗粒數及稔實率較低，純有機栽培產量降低則係由於稔實率及千粒重較低所致；一期作水稻準有機及純有機栽培之產量與化學栽培有相同之水準，雖然準有機及純有機栽培之穗數顯著較化學栽培為低，但準有機栽培具有較高的千粒重，純有機栽培則具有較高的一穗粒數及稔實率，產量構成因素之間形成互補作用。二期作水稻準有機及純有機栽培，整體評估以台中秈10號及台農67號，因具有較高的穗數，產量表現最優，一期作以台農67號、台中189號、台稉6號及台中秈10號的產量表現最優，造成產量表現較優異的原因為，台農67號及台中189號具有較高的穗數，台稉6號則具有較高的一穗粒數及千粒重，台中秈10號則具有較高的一穗粒數。無論準有機或純有機栽培，兩期作均以台稉9號之產量表現為最差。

關鍵字

水稻 ； 準有機栽培 ； 純有機栽培

並列摘要

Field experiments were conducted during the first and second crops from 1995 to 1998 to investigate the effects of intermediate and organic farmings on the growth of five rice cultivars, i.e., Tainung 67, Taichung 189, Tai Keng 6, and Tai Keng 9 of Japonica type, and Taichung Sen 10 of Indica type. Three kinds of farming (conventional: chemical fertilizers and pesticides; intermediate: half of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, half of organic fertilizers; organic: organic fertilizers) were compared in field experiment. In organic farming plot, rapeseed meal was used as source of organic fertilizers. Experimental results revealed that intermediate and organic farming had lower grain yield than that of conventional farming in the second crop. Since intermediate farming had lower kernels per panicle and seed setting, and organic farming had lower seed setting and 1000-kernel weight than that of conventional farming. The intermediate and organic farming showed no significant difference in grain yield as compared with that of conventional farming in the first crop. Taichung Sen 10 and Tainung 67 showed better yield responded to intermediate and organic farming in the second crop. Taichung Sen 10 and Tainung 67 showed higher panicle number than others. Tainung 67, Taichung 189, Tai Keng 6 and Taichung Sen 10 showed better yield responded to intermediate and organic farming in the first crop. Tainung 67 and Taichung 189 showed higher panicle number, Tai Keng 6 showed higher kernels per panicle and 1000-kernel weight, while Taichung Sen 10 showed higher kernels per panicle than others. Tai Keng 9 showed lower yield responded to intermediate and organic farming in both the first and second crops.

並列關鍵字

rice (Oryza sativa L.) ； organic farming ； intermediate organic farming