有機質肥料施用量對水稻生育之影響

Effects of Application Amounts of Various Organic Fertilizers on Rice

李健捀(Jiann-Feng Lee) ； 陳榮五(Yung-Wu Chen) ； 陳世雄(Shih-Shiung Chen) ； 蔡宜峰(Yi-Fong Tsai)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 74期 (2002/03) Pp. 53-63

摘要

本試驗目的在探討不同有機質肥料施用量對水稻生育之影響。經由試驗結果顯示，一期作水稻以化學肥料處理、每公頃施用3噸菜籽粕、每公頃施用4噸菜籽粕、每公頃施用10噸雞糞堆肥及每公頃施用20噸雞糞堆肥處理，產量分別為6,100、6,334、7,120、5,404及5,771 kg/ha，以每公頃施用4噸菜籽粕所獲得產量為最高，其次為每公頃施用3噸菜籽粕之處理；二期作水稻之產量，五種肥料處理分別為4,337、3,822、4,087、3,187及3,916 kg/ha，以化學肥料處理之產量最高，施用有機質肥料栽培之水稻產量，均顯著低於化學肥料處理。參試品種以台中秈10號之產量表現較高，台稉9號之產量表現較差。有機質肥料在不同期作，對於產量的表現效果差異極大，顯然一期作水稻生育初期低溫，對有機質肥料礦化及養分釋放，於水稻吸收較有利；二期作水稻生育初期高溫及土壤氧化還原電位偏低，可能是阻礙水稻吸收養分的主要原因。

關鍵字

水稻 ； 有機質肥料

並列摘要

Field experiments were carried out during the first and second crops in 2000 to investigate the effects of various organic fertilizers on the growth of three rice cultivars, i.e., Tainung 67 and Tai keng 9 of Japonica type, and Taichung sen 10 of Indica type. Six fertilizer treatments were conducted in this study. Experimental results revealed that the yields of chemical fertilizer, rape seed meal 3 tons/ha, seed rape meal 4 tons/ha, chicken compost 10 tons/ha and chicken compost 20 tons/ha were 6,100, 6,334, 7,120, 5,404 and 5,771 kg/ha in the first crop, respectively. The treatment with rape meal 4 tons/ha had the highest of panicle number, kernels per panicle and seed setting. Lower grain yield was obtaind for all organic fertilizer treatments compared with the chemical fertilizer treatment in the second crop due to lower panicle number and kernels per panicle. Taichung sen 10 showed a higher panicle number and kernels per panicle than other cultivars. Taichung sen 10 showed a better yield trend to organic fertilizer. Relative low yield of Tai keng 9 was obtained in this study.

並列關鍵字

rice (Oryza sativa L.) ； organic fertilizer