落葉廢棄物製作堆肥技術之研究

Research of Composting with Garden Tree Leaves

蔡宜峯(Yi-Fong Tsai) ； 陳俊位(Chein-Wei Chen) ； 陳榮五(Yung-Wu Chen)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 103期 (2009/06) Pp. 53-62

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.200906.0053

摘要

使用堆肥不僅可以消納農業有機廢棄物，並具有改善農田土壤肥力之功效。本研究擬探討利用庭園之落葉、樹枝等有機廢棄物製作堆肥之相關技術，以做為將落葉、樹枝再生資源化的支援技術。由試驗結果顯示，以經過破碎的落葉（1,000 kg）為主要碳源材料，配合適量菜籽粕（80 kg）或尿素（9 kg）為氮源材料，並接種枯草桿菌（Bacillus sp.）分離菌株（TCB9401）及木黴菌（Trichoderma sp.）分離菌株（TCFO9409）等處理，落葉堆肥溫度可以在較短期內（6～11日）達到60℃以上高溫，且經過60日的堆肥化製程，落葉堆肥的碳氮比降至15～16，再利用落葉堆肥水萃取液（堆肥與水體積比1：10）進行分析，青江菜種子發芽率可達到83～87%，顯然上述處理之落葉堆肥已達到穩定腐熟的階段。

關鍵字

落葉 ； 木黴菌 ； 枯草桿菌 ； 堆肥化

並列摘要

Utilization of compost made from plant and livestock waste in agricultural system is crucial for the maintenance of soil fertility. The objective of this experiment is to develop an efficient way in the composting process of organic residues, such as garden tree leaves and sawdust. The result of composting experiment indicated that the leaves waste compost could use crushed tree leaves 1,000 kg as C source, the rapeseed meal 80 kg or urea 9 kg as N source. The temperature of leaf waste composts were rised to 60℃ at days 6-11 during composting with the inoculation of isolates of Bacillus sp. (TCB 9401) and Trichoderma sp. (TCFO 9409). Whenever, the C/N ratio of those leaf waste composts were reduced to 15-16 at days 60 after composting. At the same time, the germination rates of the Pak-choi (Brassica campestris L. Chinensis Group) were 83-87% of the germination test by used the water extracted solution from those leaf waste composts (compost/water with 1/10 by volume ratio). Therefore, those leaf waste composts were closed to stable in the composting process.

並列關鍵字

garden tree leaves ； Trichoderma sp. ； Bacillus sp. ； composting