臺灣危害餘甘子之主要鱗翅目害蟲初探

餘甘子（Phyllanthus emblica L.）為新興的保健植物，但在臺灣尚無其病蟲害種類的完整調查報告。本研究在2018至2019年調查餘甘子結果顯示主要鱗翅目害蟲包括咖啡木蠹蛾（Polyphagozerra coffeae（Nietner））、臺灣黃毒蛾（Euproctis taiwana（Shiraki））、細蛾（Caloptilia sp.）、梨偽毒蛾（Selepa celtis Moore）及避債蛾（Eumeta spp.）等。咖啡木蠹蛾紀錄的危害時間為2～4月及5～10月，在公館、頭屋、造橋、三灣、卓蘭、後龍、竹山等地均有發現餘甘子受害的枝條。臺灣黃毒蛾紀錄的危害時間為3～4月，在公館、造橋、大湖及卓蘭等地均有發現幼蟲取食餘甘子葉片。細蛾紀錄的危害時間為6～11月，在公館、造橋及後龍均發現被幼蟲危害的餘甘子葉片。梨偽毒蛾危害時間為3、5、6及9月，在公館及造橋發現幼蟲取食餘甘子葉片或果實。避債蛾危害時間為5、6及11月，在公館、造橋及大湖都有發現幼蟲危害取食葉片。本研究在1月、12月時並未發現鱗翅目害蟲危害情形，可能與餘甘子具有冬季落葉特性相關。根據文獻紀載餘甘子的原生地中國和印度的鱗翅目蟲害情形和本研究有些不同，日後若引入餘甘子品種時，應注意輸出的國家有無攜帶害蟲。

關鍵字

葉下珠科；餘甘子；咖啡木蠹蛾

並列摘要

Aonla (Phyllanthus emblica L.) is a crop with emerging medicinal uses, but information regarding its pests has not been reported in Taiwan. In this study, the results show that the main of aonla pests include Polyphagozerra coffeae (Nietner), Euproctis taiwana (Shiraki), Caloptilia sp., Selepa celtis Moore, and Eumeta spp during 2018 to 2019. P. coffeae was recorded in Feb-Apr and May-Oct and its larvae damaged aonla branches in Gongguan, Touwu, Zaoqiao, Sanwan, Zhuolan, Houlong and Zhushan. E. taiwana was recorded in Mar-Apr, and its larvae resulted in aonla leave damage founded in Gongguan, Zaoqiao, Dahu and Zhuolan. Caloptilia sp. was recorded in Jun to Nov, and its larvae damaged aonla leaves in Gongguan, Zaoqiao,and Houlong. S. celtis threat times were recorded in Mar, May, Jun and Sep, and its larvae eat aonla leaves and fruits founded in Gongguan and Zaoqiao. Eumeta spp. were recorded in May, Jun and Nov, and its larvae eat aonla leaves founded in Gongguan, Zaoqiao and Dahu. There is no damage caused by pests in January and December; this may be because aonla leaves fall in winter. Compared with this study, we identified some lepidopteran pest species to be different in China and India according to their literature. There is have to notice other countries' pest before introducing aonla cultivar to Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Phyllanthaceae ； Phyllanthus emblica L. ； Polyphagozerra coffeae (Nietner)

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