圍棋訓練與運動鍛練對問題解決能力之影響：文獻分析

The Effects of Go Training and Sports Training on Problem Solving Ability: Literature Analysis

曾楷涵(Kai-Han Tseng) ； 劉淑燕(Suyen Liu) ； 王秀華(Hsiu-Hua Wang) ； 李元宏(Yuan-Hung Lee) ； 崔秀里(Hsiu-Li Tsui)

《中正體育學刊》 12期 (2021/06) Pp. 49-62

https://doi.org/10.30093/CCPEJ.202106_(12).0004

摘要

日常生活就是一連串的問題解決歷程，因此十二年國教108新課綱中非常重視學生具備探索問題、思考問題、與問題解決的能力。情境學習理論強調學習者與情境互動的重要性，主張學校教學的目的在於創造良好學習情境，使學生將其所學的知識和技能運用於日常生活中，協助解決生活周遭所面臨的問題。就學習問題解決能力的角度而言，許多教育專家與學者認為體育運動及圍棋等課外活動等課程是實踐問題解決的最佳教育手段，因為這些課程除了技能的學習之外，透過遊戲或比賽來了解複雜並多變的問題情境，能提供學習者在真實的情境下學習問題解決的機會。本文以文本分析方法深度回顧圍棋訓練與運動鍛練對問題解決能力的相關文獻，並列舉出多位頂尖棋手對運動鍛鍊的看法，從中探究這兩種活動在培養面對問題、主動思考及提升問題解決能力的成效，並在文末提出未來在探討兩者於提升問題解決能力等認知功能之可行性研究方向。

關鍵字

圍棋 ； 體適能 ； 認知 ； 情境學習 ； 問題解決能力

並列摘要

Daily life is a series of problem-solving processes, therefore, the 108 new curriculum for the 12-year Basic Education stresses great importance on students' ability to explore, consider, and solve problems. Situational learning theory emphasizes the importance of interaction between learners and situations, and advocates that the purpose of school teaching is to create a good learning situation, so that students can apply the knowledge and skills they have learned in their daily lives and help solve the problems encountered in their lives. From the perspective of learning problem-solving ability, many education experts and scholars believe that courses such as sports, Go games, and other extracurricular activities are the best educational environment for practicing problem-solving, because these courses, in addition to learning skills, use games or competitions to understand complex problem situations, which can provide learners with opportunities to learn problem solving in real situations. This article used a text analysis method to thoroughly review the relevant literature on the problem-solving ability of Go training and sports training, and revealed the thoughts of many top Go players on sports training, and hopefully to gain an insight on the effectiveness of problem-solving abilities through these two activities. Finally, a potential research direction to explore the feasibility of the two in improving cognitive functions such as problem-solving abilities was proposed.

並列關鍵字

Go games ； physical fitness ； cognition ； situational learning ； problem-solving ability