蔬菜育種－筊白筍、番茄新品種之育成

Vegetable Breeding-Development of Coba and Tomato New Varieties

林天枝(Tien-Chih Lin) ； 洪澨堂(Shyh-Tarng Hong)

《臺中區農業改良場特刊》 60號 (2003/06) Pp. 81-89

https://doi.org/10.29563/ZHWHGX.200306.0034

摘要

茭白筍與番茄為本轄區重要夏季蔬菜，由於夏季高溫多濕，病蟲害頻生，影響產量、品質與農民收益，亟需育成適合夏季栽培品種，以利平衡需求。本場自1992年及1994年開始積極進行茭白筍與番茄品種改良研究工作，歷經多年努力，業於2000年及2001年育成台中一號茭白筍及台中亞蔬十號優良新品種，完成登記命名程序，得予大量推廣栽培。

關鍵字

茭白筍 ； 番茄 ； 優良品系 ； 品種育成

並列摘要

Coba-Taichung No. 1Coba (water bamboo), Zizania latifolia, is a popular summer season vegetable for its high nutrition and delicious taste. In 1990, the major cultivated variety is ”Green shell early”, but the late spring bamboo production period and high healthy plant and smut production rate, thus affecting the quality and yield of coba production. The local or farmer selected varieties are most of unknown sources and characteristics resulted in unstable yielding and disease occurrence. Due to the above reason, the station began a series of selection project to select the early, high yielding, low healthy plant and smut production rate of variety. The elite individual plants was selected from ”Green shell” variety cultivated at Puli areas, and multiplication by mother stock selection. The selection line Taichung C-26 was named and registered as Taichung No. 1. The bamboo yield of Taichung No. 1. is higher than that of ”green shell” by 19.4% and 17.5% at spring and fall seasons, respectively. It also higher than that of ”kang-dang” variety by 6.9% and 5.3% at spring and fall crop seasons, respectively. The bamboo shoot production date is earlier than that of ”green shell” by 23 days and 6 days, than that of ”kang-dang” by 4 days and no difference at spring and fall crops season, respectively. The Taichung No. 1. have low healthy plant and smut production rate than check varieties. The new variety ”Taichung No. 1.” Possessed earlier maturity, high yielding and good taste characteristic is suitable for growing in paddy-field areas for two seasons production.Tomato-Taichung Asveg No. 10 The new line FMTT 593 was introduced from AVRDC in 1994 and Taichung Asveg NO.4 was used as control in regional trial. These trials were conducted in lowland for two years (1996~1997) and in highland for three years (1998~2000). FMTT593 was selected as a new tomato line with heat tolerance, disease resistance and green shoulder. The evaluation of this new variety was completed in July, 2000, and released as ”Taichung Asveg No.10” as well as the trade name was given as ”Ai-Lan black tomato”.The characteristics of Taichung Asveg No. 10 are indeterminate, vigorous. There are 6-8 flowers in average per cluster while it flowers. The fruit setting rate are 89% in autumn and 42% in late summer crop. Fruit shape is globe and shoulder color of immature fruit is dark green and then turns into red in mature fruit. Average weight of single fruit is 164g. The fruits are firm with crisp texture and good storage ability. The yield is 68.8 ton/ha at highland (above sea level 600-1,000m) in summer crop, 44.4 ton/ha at lowland in late summer crop in southern Taiwan, as well as 36.8 ton/ha in lowland in summer crop in northern Taiwan. Durations from planting to last harvest are 114-135 days, and fruit producing periods are 42-68 days.

並列關鍵字

Zizania latifolia ； tomato ； elite lines ； variety development