設施蔬葉栽培介質重複利用之研究

Studies on Re-application of Used Substrate in Fruit Vegetable Production under Protected House

錢昌聖(Chang-Sheng Chien) ； 高德錚(Te-Chen Kao)

《臺中區農業改良場特刊》 133號 (2017/07) Pp. 109-119

摘要

本研究為探討設施瓜果類蔬菜使用後介質再利用之可行性。收集使用後介質經肥力分析結果顯示多數農戶介質EC值超過2.0 dS．m^(-1)，易造成作物生長不良，亦為介質無法連續栽種之主要原因。其中又以K、Na、Ca、Mg等陽離子鹽類累積最為常見。酸液處理能有效降低介質Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Mn、Zn等元素含量，惟處理後介質易酸化，恐不利於耕種。100℃熱水澆灌可有效降低介質EC值及巨微量元素含量，另對於小黃瓜萎凋病病源Fusarium oxysporum亦有防治之效果，可作為介質消毒與再利用之處理方法。然而酸液與熱水處理雖具有淋溶作用，但淋洗過程中排液並未回收，有造成地下水汙染之虞。因此，介質重複再利用，其關鍵技術仍需配合建立合理化施肥與介質保養觀念，以避免連作障礙之發生。

關鍵字

介質 ； 連作障礙 ； 酸液處理 ； 熱水 ； 萎凋病 ； 鹽分累積

並列摘要

The object of this study was evaluated the possibility of application of used substrate in fruit vegetable production under protected house. The result showed most EC value of used substrate were higher than 2.0 ds．m^(-1) with salt accumulation situation which as a major reason of continuous obstruction leading crop growth retardation. Among cation, K, Na, Ca, Mg were most easily accumulated. Acid liquid treatment can reduced Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn content efficiently; however, acid substrate after treatment was not suitable for cultivation. Hot water treatment can reduce medium EC value as well as macro and micro-element content. It also had positive effect on Fusarium oxysporumu wilt prevention of cucumber. Hot water treatment can be used as a method of substrate disinfection and reuse. Although both acid liquid and hot water treatment had leaching effect, the non-recycling drainage water may cause groundwater pollution. Therefore, the key technology still need to cooperate with recommended fertilization then prevent the continuous obstruction happened.

並列關鍵字

Substrate ； soil sickness ； acid leaching ； hot water ； fusarium wilt ； salt accumulation