微量介質式果菜栽培系統研發應用

Research and Development of Micro-bag Medium Culture System to Cultivate Vegetable in Greenhouse

戴振洋(Chen-Yang Tai)

《臺中區農業改良場特刊》 133號 (2017/07) Pp. 35-49

摘要

臺灣農業在生產上遭受到不良氣候環境影響極大。利用各種設施以改善栽培環境，可以減輕災害損失，達到穩定生產、增加產量、提高品質，甚至調節產期、計畫生產的目的，此是促使高品質蔬菜生產朝向設施栽培的原始動力。至今，設施介質耕栽培蔬菜已經為農民所接受及應用，並已成為臺灣蔬菜產業中重要的一環。本文將探討探討臺灣介質耕從用袋耕、籃耕、耕植槽耕及微量介質袋耕等生產模式，是否對番茄生育及產量有所影響。在不同介質容量(0.6-7.5公升/株)對番茄產量及品質之影響，其番茄單株特級果果數及產量皆以2.0L/bag/plant及15 L/bag/2 plant處理者顯著較佳。在探討不同栽培容器及介質量對設施番茄生育及產量之影響。在番茄之株高、莖乾重、葉乾重及根乾重等園藝性狀，以及果高、果徑、單果重及可溶性固形物含量等果實品質性狀，在不同介質栽培槽處理間均無顯著影響。在採收總果數及總果重，以籃耕栽培處理18.1 fruit/plant及2,071 g/plant表現較好。由番茄採收期介質及葉片營養元素分析顯示，不同介質栽培容器處理間差異不顯著。綜合本研究結果，採用適當栽培管理，配合各型式介質栽培容器特性施用適量養液，即使較低成本的微量介質栽培方式，也可順利達到生產優質的番茄，將可供日後研究與業者應用參考。

關鍵字

番茄 ； 設施 ； 介質

並列摘要

The extreme climate change has greatly impact on agricultural production in Taiwan. Using different kinds of facilities to improve the vegetable cultural environment can reduce the damage by disaster, improve the vegetable quality, regulate the production period and enhance the yield of the vegetable. So far, using the medium-culture system to cultivate vegetable in the facilities have been successfully accepted by the farmer and became an important part of Taiwan's vegetable industry. This article will explore the development of media culture from the bag culture, basket culture, tillage culture and micro-bag culture that whether the impact on tomato growth and production. The effects of different medium capacity (0.6~7.5 liters / plant) on the yield and quality of tomato were significantly higher than those of the control (P ＜0.05). The results showed that there is no significant effect on plant height, stem weight, leaf dry weight, root dry weight and fruit traits (high fruit, fruit diameter, fruit weight and soluble solids content, etc.) when tomato plants cultivated at the different cultural containers. The analysis of the nutrient elements in the medium and leaf of the tomato harvest showed that the difference was not significant between the different media cultivated containers. The total fruit number and total fruit weight of the harvest were 18.1 fruit / plant and 2,071 g / plant. Based on the results of this study, the appropriate cultivation and management, with the use of various types of medium culture container characteristics of the appropriate amount of liquid, even if the lower cost of micro-medium cultivation methods, which will also be available for research and industry application in the future.

並列關鍵字

tomato ； greenhouse ； growth substrate