綠廳舍外遮陽改善之節能及室內熱舒適度模擬探討

Energy Saving and Indoor Thermal Comfortable Simulation for Exterior Sun-Shading Improvement With the Green Renovation Plan

陳麒任(Chi-Ren Chen) ； 許閔涵(Min-Han Hsu)

《健康與建築雜誌》 2卷3期 (2015/10) Pp. 15-24

https://doi.org/10.6299/JHA.2015.2.3.R2.15

摘要

背景：台灣地區的既有建築物約佔全國建築物總量97%，普遍存在耗能、不符生態環境等問題。內政部建築研究所﹙以下簡稱本所﹚自92年起進行綠建築改善及節能改造示範計畫，除有效降低建築外周區之空調耗電外，對於室內熱負荷亦有很大程度改善。惟僅能以經驗方式推估其節能成效，缺乏較精準之量化方式去計算，且對於室內環境舒適度改善之成效說明亦較無著墨。目的：探討建築物設置外遮陽前、後，其節能效率及室內環境熱舒適度之關聯性。並比對分析何種情況其改善成效較佳，可供外遮陽改善事前評估之效益參考。方法：透過電腦數值模擬方式（採用EnergyPlus 軟體），選定假想之模擬建築物，配合台灣不同地區之本土氣候條件參數及不同面向之開口部，分別模擬其空調耗電量及室內環境熱舒適度（ 採用PMV 及PPD 作為指標）。結果：提出外遮陽改善之節能成效簡易推估模式，並進一步以EnergyPlus 模擬某假想之建築物，於台北、台中、高雄、花蓮等四個地區，分別就水平式、垂直式及格子式等三種外遮陽型式，考慮在八個不同窗戶方位下之外周區，分析其空調節能率及室內熱舒適度改善程度。結論/ 實務應用：若以整層建築物（含內、外周區）之空調及總耗電量來分析，以台北為例，四面朝正東、南、西、北時，整層空調節能率約達6~10%、總節能率約達3~5%；當建築物方位面向東南、西南、西北、東北時，整層空調節能率約達4~8%、總節能率約達2~4%。

關鍵字

外遮陽 ； 建築節能 ； 室內熱舒適度

並列摘要

Background: The current amount of existing buildings is more than 97 % of all buildings in Taiwan. These buildings have high energy consumption and cause harm to the ecological environment. Architecture and Building Research Institute(ABRI) start to execute the ＂Building Energy Saving and Green Remodeling Project＂ at 2003. In addition to reduce the power consumption with outer perimeter zone air condition of the building, it can also improve the indoor thermal load significantly. However, these improving techniques only estimate it's energy-saving efficiency by experience, and be short of the exact way to quantify the benefits of the improving energy efficiency and indoor environmental comfort. Purposes: It will analyze the relevance between energy-efficiency and thermal comfort of the indoor environment. And analyze what improving method is better for improve effectiveness. It can be the reference of assess the benefits beforehand. Methods: It will use EnergyPlus to simulate the air conditioning power consumption and the thermal comfort of the indoor environment with the index of PMV and PPD, which according to different types of exterior sun-shading, climatic parameters and direction etc. Results: It had set up the simple estimating energy savings mode for exterior sun-shading improvement. And further, it had analysis the air conditioning power consumption and the thermal comfort of the indoor environment in Taipei, Taichung, Kaohsiung, Hualien etc four regions, and as horizontal, vertical and lattice three types of exterior sun-shading respectively. Conclusions/Implications for Practice: In terms of whole story building (including inner and outer peripheral area) in Taipei, the air-conditioning energy-saving rate is about 6 to 10%, and the total energy saving ratio is about 3 to 5% when the building toward the east, south, west and north. In addition, the air-conditioning energy-saving rate is about 4 to 8%, and the total energy saving ratio is about 2 to 4% when the building toward the southeast, southwest, northwest and northeast.

並列關鍵字

Exterior sun-shading ； Building energy saving ； Indoor thermal comfort ； PMV ； PPD