台灣科技人才供需之探討及其模型之建立

因應國內至民國110年前，每年將短缺科技人力六千名現況，行政院日前宣布核定「加強培育及引進科技人才具體措施」，希望從人才培育及引進兩大方向，全面解決國內科技人才供需失調問題。教育部並將著手研議，將現有大專院校區隔為研究型、教學型、社區型三類。鼓勵研究型大專院校進行整合，設置跨校研究中心，組織跨校大學系統，合併為研究型綜合大學，發展為區域科技人才培育中心。另也將對大專院校的新設或改制升格，從嚴審查、加強評鑑，杜絕浮濫；且鼓勵大專院校依國家經濟、社會發展調整科系與招生人數。政院表示，該措施是針對以往學用無法合一、產學研交流合作不足、職業訓練無法配合市場導向，以及法令缺乏統一規範、民間研發投資偏低、生活環境不夠完備妨礙延攬海外科技人才等因素，加以檢討並研擬的具體對策，應能有效解決國內科技人才供需失調的問題。該措施包括科技人才的培育及引進兩部分。在培育科技人才方面，包括全面檢討目前職業訓練機制、大學與學術機構的彈性調整、加強推動產學研合作與交流，及強化重點產業領域及尖端科技國際合作交流四項具體措施，擬從職業訓練機構、學校、產學合作及國際合作交流多重管道培育科技人才。在引進科技人才方面，包括建構引進科技人才優質生活環境、推動經貿人才國際交流與策略聯盟，以及鼓勵海外外籍與華籍科技人才來台服務四項具體措施。希望除了積極引進科技人才，也能營造優質生活環境，以提高海外科技人才來台服務的意願。本研究同時希望能建立台灣科技人才供需模型以作為未來決策參考之依據。

關鍵字

產業科技；知識經濟；人力需求；科技人才；預測模型

並列摘要

To deal with the present situation that the 6000 technical manpower shortage every year ahead of 110 year. In order to solve domestic scientists and technicians supply and demand detuning question, the Executive Yuan announced ”the specific measures to cultivate the scientists and technicians.” The Ministry of Education begins to discuss thoroughly, will have the universities, to be separated three kinds: the research, the teaching and the community. The Ministry of Education encourages research universities take cross-border integration, locate research center and universities system school to school, and then merge to research comprehensive universities, develop the center for the region scientists and technicians. The Ministry of Education will examine, evaluate, eliminate corruption for new and remanufacture universities, and then encourage universities to recruit students depend on the state economy and the social development. The political courtyard indicated that, this measure was aims at formerly studies with is unable to gather learning and applying, the occupation training is unable to coordinate the market direction, as well as the law lacked the unification standard, the folk research and development investment somewhat low, the living conditions does not complete to solicit overseas scientists and technicians and so on. It is ought to be able the effective addressing domestic scientists and technicians supply and demand detuning problem. The measure divided two parts: brain gain and cultivate the scientists and technicians. In the cultivation scientists and technicians aspect, including the following four specific measures: the comprehensive self-criticism at present the occupation training mechanism, the university and the academic organization elastic adjustment, the enhancement of study and industry exchange, the strengthened key industry field and the state-of-art technical international cooperation exchange. In the brain gain aspect, including the following four specific measures: to construct high quality living conditions, to impetus economics and trade talented person international exchange and the strategy alliance, as well as encourages the overseas foreign and the Chinese scientists and technicians come to Taiwan to service.We except to brain gain positively, also to build the high quality living conditions, in order to enhance the overseas scientists' and technicians' desires to come the Taiwan. This research simultaneously is able to establish the Taiwan scientists and technicians supply and demand model to be the basis of the future decision-making reference.