專業人才之培養、延攬與流動：華人地區跨國比較研究

在競爭激烈的全球化環境下，人才資本儼然已取代了傳統經濟理論中的勞動與資本要素，而成為現今各個產業永續發展與競爭優勢之要件。高素質的人才除了與資金同樣具有往高效率的地方移動的特性外，許多國家為取得人力資源，也會以各項優惠政策吸引移民；而高科技公司或跨國企業對於人才的需求亦產生莫大吸力，進而造成國際間人才流動的現象。本研究以「人才流動」的角度，選定與台灣具有競合關係的幾個國家間之華人流動狀況來進行探討，蒐集並整理出較完整的人力流動之統計資料，分析各國人力流動的消長與發展趨勢，並呈現出人才在區域各國之間的流動示意圖。透過示意圖的統計及檢視各國政府實施的優惠移民政策，除了得以一探各國人才國際流動的全貌外，對於未來政府在制定人才培育和吸引國際人才政策上，亦可提供相當的參考價值。

關鍵字

人才流動；專業人才

並列摘要

Human capital has become the key elements for each industry and business to obtain competitive advantages and sustainable development. To gather better human capital from other countries, many countries provide supportive policies to encourage migration of the highly skilled or the talented people. Besides the talented people have such characteristics which appeal to stick with higher efficiencies, the pulling forces from high-tech companies and multi-national corporations may cause the phenomenon of human mobility among the world.Statistics shows that the growing trend of Taiwan students studying abroad is getting overwhelmed by neighborhood countries such as Mainland China, Korea, and India. This thesis discusses about the migration situation of Chinese people from the selected countries, factors that may affect the human circulation, and the statistics containing the balance shifting among selected countries. Finally, a sketch map demonstrates a full view of human migration was created and may be used as a reference of such policies which are set to attract talented people from other countries.