中国能源效率地区差距及影响因素分析－基于地区收敛性检验结果

为考察中国能源效率地区差距的变化趋势及成因，从而给政府制定区域能源政策提供数据参考，本文基于1985－2010年省际面板数据，在地区收敛性检验基础上，对中国能源效率地区差距及影响因素进行分析。结果显示：中国能源效率不存在σ收敛，但存在绝对和条件收敛；东部和西部存在“俱乐部收敛”，但中部和东北地区则不然；各种检验方法之下收敛速度不同，全国条件收敛速度最快，绝对收敛速度最慢，东部与西部收敛速度接近。分析发现，中部和东北地区能源效率差异的长期存在，是影响中国能源效率绝对收敛的主要原因；经济发展水平对能源效率提高有正向推动作用，而工业化、就业结构、开放化、市场化则起阻碍作用。鉴于此，政府应加大向低效率地区的支持力度，促进落后地区能源效率提高，缩小地区差距，走能源节约型可持续区域平衡发展道路。

關鍵字

能源效率；影响因素；条件收敛；俱乐部收敛

並列摘要

For review the trend and origin of the gap of regional energy efficiency in China, accordingly supply references to government, this paper analyzes the gap of regional energy efficiency and influential factors in China based on the Cross-provincial Panel Data in 1985-2010 and the convergence test. The results show: China's energy efficiency does not exist σ convergence, but there is absolute and conditional convergence; The east and west exist the ”club convergence”, but the central and northeast regions do not exist the ”club convergence”; The convergence rate varies in different test methods, the rate of conditional convergence is fastest, the rate of absolute convergence is slowest, the eastern and western convergence rate is approximately. The long-standing energy efficiency difference in central and northeast regions affects the absolute convergence of China's energy efficiency; the level of economic development plays a positive role in promoting energy efficiency improvements, but the industrialization, employment structure, open, market-oriented play inhibiting roles. Therefore, the government should increase its support to low efficiency regions, promotes the energy efficiency in poverty areas, reduces regional gap, and obtains the goal of energy conservation, regional balanced development.