Effect of Steam and Chemicals for Cultural Substrate on Yellowing and Wilt Symptom on Lily

There are no suitable methods and effective chemicals to control the yellowing and wilt disease caused by soil-borne pathogens on lily (Lilium hybridium Hort.). It often made some difficulties in the cultivation because of the practices of continuous cropping and surviving bulbs. Steam pasteurization and chemical treatments were adopted to solve the problem in this study. The pathogens including Pythium spinosum, Phytophthora parasitica, Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lilii were detected on bulbs and substrate before planting, that would infect the lily singly or complexly, and caused the symptoms of yellowing, wilt, and bulb or bud rot. Besides, the bulb mites also cause the yellowing symptom. No pathogens were detected after the substrate treated with steam pasteurization (80℃, 30min.). The result showed that steam pasteurization reduced the yellowing incidences on lily from 16.3-25.6% to 1.9-3.7%. The rate of yellowing incidences on cultivar Ciana was significantly reduced by cultural substrate pasteurization and bulb soaking with 25% Bromopropylate E.C. (1: 4000; 30 min.) before planting. The rate of yellowing incidences on cultivar Jolanda was also reduced from 11.1-36.3% to 0-4.4% by substrate steam pasteurization. The yellowing incidence and the population size of bulb-mites are positively co-related. The bulbs of cultivar Ciana germinated earlier when treated with salicylic acid, and the leaf spot incidences were less than other treatments on the late growth stage. The blooming rate almost reached 100% at harvest on the cultivar Ciana. But, the plant seems to be stunted, the leaf color was more yellow, and the number of flowers was smaller. It indicated that lily bulbs might be damaged by salicylic acid soaking.

並列關鍵字

Lily ； Soil-borne disease ； Steam pasteurization ； mites ； Acaricide ； Salicylic acid

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