摘要
在現代工業上，銦被廣泛應用於傳統與高科技產業，已知職業性銦暴露可能造成肺水腫、急性肺炎，以及骨骼與腸胃道等器官健康危害。血清銦濃度是目前最主要的銦暴露生物偵測指標。本研究彙整國際間對勞工銦暴露生物偵測指標相關研究成果，並依據「作業環境中有害物勞工暴露生物偵測分析方法驗證程序」建立勞工血清銦生物偵測方法。目前國際間對銦暴露生物指標未有共識，因此除了日本職業安全衛生協會曾提出銦暴露生物暴露指標限值為血清銦3.0μg/L外，各主要工業國家都尚未頒布銦暴露相關之生物指標法定容許值或建議容許值。在血清銦生物偵測方法評估方面，檢量線濃度範圍設為0.2～10μg/L，分別以常人血清及人工血清製備血清銦標準品的感應耦合電漿質譜儀（ICP-MS）偵測，結果顯示檢量線方程式線性r^2均可達0.9997以上。驗證結果顯示，以常人血清進行樣品基質控制後，用ICP-MS進行檢測分析的血清銦生物偵測方法偵測極限為0.0069μg/L、回收率為97.7%、精密度為4.6%、準確度為4.9%、八週間樣品儲存穩定度都在90～108%之間，符合樣品儲存穩定性要求。若以人工血清進行樣品基質控制，則血清銦生物偵測方法偵測極限為0.0078μg/L、回收率為94.2%、精密度為2.4%、準確度為15.2%。但樣品儲存穩定度驗證結果顯示當樣品濃度為1.5μg/L時，儲存四天以後的回收率只有10～20%左右；當濃度為3μg/L時，八週間各階段樣品儲存穩定度仍均可達98～108%之間。本研究成果可作為未來勞工銦暴露預防與管理政策之參考；並確立我國勞工銦暴露生物偵測方式，作為監測勞工作業環境銦暴露之依據。
並列摘要
In modern industry, indium is widely used in traditional and high-tech industries. Occupational indium exposure is known to cause pulmonary edema, acute pneumonia, and health hazards to organs such as bones and gastrointestinal tract. Serum indium concentration is currently the most important biological exposure index (BEI) of indium exposure. This study reviews the results of international researches on the BEI of indium , and establishes a labor serum indium biological monitoring method based on the ＂Validation Procedures for Biological Monitoring and Analysis Method of Labor Exposure to Hazardous Substances at Workplace＂. At present, there is no international consensus on the BEI of indium exposure. Therefore, except for the Japan Society of Occupational Health (JSOH), which has proposed a BEI of 3.0 μg/L for indium in serum, other countries have not yet issued the BEI related to indium exposure. For the evaluation of serum indium biological monitoring methods, the calibration curve range is set to 0.2~10 μg/L, and the serum indium standards are prepared with human serum and artificial serum respectively and analysis by Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results show that the linear r2 of the calibration curve reach more than 0.9997. The verification results show that after human serum is used as sample matrix , the detection limit of the serum indium by ICP-MS analysis is 0.0069 μg/L, the recovery rate is 97.7%, the precision is 4.6%, and the accuracy is 4.9%, and the storage stability of samples during eight weeks is between 90~108%, which meets the requirements of sample storage. If artificial serum is used as sample matrix, the detection limit of serum indium is 0.0078 μg/L, the recovery rate is 94.2%, the precision is 2.4%, and the accuracy is 15.2%. However, the sample storage stability results show that when the sample concentration is 1.5 μg/L, the recovery rate after storage for four days is only about 10-20%. When the concentration is 3 μg/L, the sample storage stability for eight weeks can reach 98~108%. The results of this research can be used as a reference of prevention and management policies for future labor indium exposure; and establish a biological monitoring method for labor indium exposure in Taiwan as a basis for monitoring indium exposure at workplace.
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