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創新群聚的塑型:創業行為的複雜調適過程

The Dynamics of Technology-based Clusters Formation: The Entrepreneurial Activities Through the Complexity Adaptive Process

摘要


傳統的群聚研究發現產業聚集所產生的群聚效應會帶來令人稱羨的經濟成長,因此吸引了政策制定者的目光,陸續有許多政策導向的產業園區出現,目的是希望透過複製其他成功園區的成功要素,為處於產業空窗期的地區帶來活力。但是,這種複製或移植的做法在現實世界卻遇到了困難,許多政策主導的產業園區在充沛的資源以及優勢的政策環境之下成立,最後卻變成「蚊子」園區。雖然有些園區遇到困難,卻還是有許多發展順利的群聚誕生,本研究希望從縱向的動態複雜調適過程,了解這「敗」與「成」之間的差異究竟何在?本研究借用麻匡復、邊泰明(2006)對內湖科技園區的研究,以及與內湖科技園區相關的報導等次級資料,勾勒出一個創新科技型群聚的產生與發展過程,是一個由創業者的創業活動所引領,在新科技初期的混沌狀態中,透過動態的創業活動,自組織出適合產業發展的社群與網絡,並在自我維持與繁殖中,突現出成熟的群聚特徵的過程。最後,本研究也對創新科技型產業群聚的政策發展提出建議:創新科技型產業群聚的發展並不適合以複製或移植的方式重現於另一個地區,政策該做的,是以更開放的政策,為當地吸引並營造更充沛的創業與創新精神,讓該地的創業活動更為頻繁,群聚便有機會孕育而生。

並列摘要


Recent theories of innovation cluster development have stressed the role of government policy in generating growth. Using secondary data that tracks all the research papers and reports in the Neihu Technology Park, we examine the role of government policy and the impact of the entrepreneurial activity in Neihu Technology Park. We find that the formation and development of a technology-based clusters is a dynamics, complexity adaptive process, the entrepreneurial activities working through it, and lead the whole process. And we find the development of technology-based clusters are not suitable for transplant to copy or reproduce the way in another area, and the role of government policy is to motivate the innovation milieu in the target area, so that the frequent entrepreneurial activities would inject the nurture into the area and to development a new cluster in this area.

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