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以計畫性行為理論實證研究女性創業意向
An Empirical Study for Female Entrepreneurs' Intention by Theory of Planned Behavior
摘要
隨著時代及創業環境的變遷、女性追求經濟自主的自覺與呼聲日漸提高，這樣的轉變更有利女性開創自我事業。有鑑於此，行政院青年輔導委員會之「飛雁專案」極力協助女性創業，並針對不同創業需求之女性作差異性輔導，以提升創業成功率。就實務而言，女性創業之議題值得深入探討；從學術而言，回顧相關文獻發現，對於女性創業意向及影響因素之研究，尚不多見，且缺乏關聯性的實證研究。值此，激發本研究以計畫性行為理論之架構來探討女性創業家之創業意向。本研究以加入「行政院青輔會－飛雁專案」之「飛雁學員」為抽樣架構進行實證研究。從251個有效樣本中發現：女性創業家的個人態度、主觀規範與知覺行為控制皆會正向影響其創業意向；女性創業家之主觀規範與知覺行為控制皆會透過個人態度的中介效果，間接影響其創業意向。
並列摘要
Females have increasing awareness of economic autonomy when the entrepreneurial environment is changing. Such changes are more advantageous to females to establish their own businesses. Therefore, the National Youth Commission of Executive Yuan in Taiwan endeavors to implement ＂the Free & Young Program＂. This program not only helps females establish their own businesses, but also offers them differential guidance based on their different needs, and in turns to increase the success rate of entrepreneurship. In practical, the issues of female entrepreneurship are worth further study. Based on the literature review, there is an under researched area in terms of female entrepreneurs' intention and the factors which will affect female entrepreneurs' intention. Meanwhile, there is also lack of integrated empirical studies. Thus, this study attempts to employ theory of planned behavior to examine the factors that affect female entrepreneurs' intention. A questionnaire survey was conducted and data was collected from the members of ＂Free & Young Students＂. By empirically analyzing 251 valid questionnaires, the results show that attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control have significant positive effects on female entrepreneurs' intention. From the analysis of mediating effects, the results show that females' subjective norm and perceived behavioral control have indirect influence on female entrepreneurs' intention through attitude variable.