擁抱創業者的生活世界：現象學取向下的創業研究

Embracing Life World of Entrepreneur: Toward a Phenomenological Approach of Entrepreneurship Studies

林韶怡(Shao-Yi Lin)

《創業管理研究》 6卷4期 (2011/12) Pp. 35-59

https://doi.org/10.30132/JER.201112.0003

摘要

本文介紹現象學方法如何應用於創業研究，從現象學的哲學緣起談起，延伸到研究設計、分析方法與現象學研究的限制，同時提供作者個人操作經驗的分析示例，來展現現象學的實際應用。本研究認為，現象學取向將創業視為一種生活經驗來探究，可突破一般創業研究的概念式理解，透過經驗的連續性特質，將脈絡與時間因素重新置回創業研究中。對於學界近來大力倡議的開創研究，現象學取向有助於重新理解與認識創業者，一方面使創業者擺脫經濟英雄角色、走入生活世界，另一方面亦能呈現自我的流變狀態。總結來說，現象學取向鼓勵創業研究走回日常的生活世界，在探究創業本質的同時，更關懷創業者如何經驗創業，使創業研究走向經驗與意義的世界。

關鍵字

現象學 ； 開創 ； 生活世界 ； 創業者 ； 方法論

並列摘要

This paper intends to introduce the implication of phenomenological approach in entrepreneurship studies. First, this paper briefly sketches the philosophy tradition of phenomenology and its important doctrines respectively from Husserl and Heidegger, which are labelled as transcendental phenomenology and hermeneutic phenomenology. Second, a phenomenological research design and two analysis strategies are illustrated in this paper, offering a practical guideline to beginners. Third, the author makes use of her personal research experience to display how to conduct a phenomenological research, outlining a more accessible way to imply phenomenological inquiry. In conclusion, this paper argues that phenomenology, as a theoretical perspective, is useful to re-understand ＂entrepreneur＂ and ＂entrepreneurship＂. Entrepreneurship, as a phenomenon, is regarded as lived experience rather than a conceptual term; consequently more social contexts and temporal logics in entrepreneurial process can be easier addressed. It moves the prior understanding of entrepreneur, from an economic hero to an ordinary person who is endeavouring to live his/her life and unfolding a becoming-self. Phenomenology promotes a life world view-point in entrepreneurship studies, encouraging more concerns on entrepreneurial experience and the everyday life.

並列關鍵字

Phenomenology ； entrepreneuring ； life world ； entrepreneur ； methodology