In early 2005, it was officially announced by Taiwan government that the establishment of "Taiwan Biobank" has been included as a part of strategic development in promoting Taiwan as an island of biomedicine. It was also declared as governmental policy that the project may not be initiated until the fulfillment of foundational legal clearance as well as the preliminary ELSI study. In this paper, five major topics illustrated as the foundational ELSI issues, learned from UK Biobank, are extensively covered. Then, the author proposes on a review on the contemporary ELSI related development of Taiwan Biobank and tries to articulate the ethical and legal governance structure for Taiwan Biobank. Finally, the paper ends up with some recommendation in the conclusion.