傳播媒體的真實原則－以通訊傳播管理法草案相關規定為中心

Media Regulation Against False Information: An Analysis of the Draft of the Communications Act

陳仲嶙(Chung-Lin Chen)

《臺灣科技法律與政策論叢》 6卷1期 (2009/06) Pp. 1-57

https://doi.org/10.7050/TJLTP.200906.0001

摘要

不論國內外，現代大眾媒體的偏頗、粗糙與不實問題，已引起許多不滿的聲音。傳遞真實之資訊，本來應該是傳播媒體基本的倫理原則，在現今卻似乎成為一種奢求。在此背景下，法律應扮演什麼樣的角色？即成為不得不予思考的問題。本文認為建立確保資訊真實的法律管制，確係重要的國家任務。在對傳播媒體之管制上，通訊傳播管理法草案中的相關規定，提供一有價值的路徑，但其功能的有限也要求吾人思考可能的改進策略。在贊同草案之法定自律機制之同時，本文亦在行政罰、換照、新聞專業人員自主、更正權、民刑事責任等面向，進行初步的討論，並提供可能的思考方向。

關鍵字

媒體 ； 不實報導 ； 誹謗 ； 言論自由 ； 新聞自由 ； 違憲審查 ； 通訊傳播管理法

並列摘要

It has been a substantial problem that mass media regularly provide biased, poor, and false information. Conveying authentic information is a very basic responsibility of news media; unfortunately, current practices largely deviate. Against the backdrop, what can the law do to help? This article argues that it is a crucial state mission to fight against false information by establishing the legal regulation. Concerning media regulation, the draft of the Communications Act has offered a valuable approach. While agreeing with the Act to the point of enforced self-regulation, this article also recognizes the insufficiency of the mechanism. To pursue a more comprehensive regulation, this article explores various regulatory strategies including administrative sanctions, licensing, the freedom of press professionals from the owners, the right to reply, criminal sanctions and civil liability.

並列關鍵字

Media ； False Information ； Defamation ； Freedom of Speech ； Freedom of the Press ； Judicial Review ； Communications Act