海濱長足虻（Thinophilus, Dolichopodidae）於急水溪口的族群分布與實驗室人工飼養報告

The report of population distribution and captivebred of long-legged fly Thinophilus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) in Jishui Estuary in Taiwan

廖志豪(Chih-Hao Liao) ； 翁義聰(Yih-Tsong Ueng)

《濕地學刊》 8卷1期 (2019/12) Pp. 65-75

摘要

本研究自2011年2月10日起至同年12月3日止，在急水溪口採集海濱長足虻（Thinophilus, Dolichopodidae）7次，其中6次探討不同季節與不同潮位，另1次的採集是為了解不同泥土深度的數量差異及物種鑑定；並將採集的幼蟲及蟲蛹帶回實驗室計數及飼養以研究其生活史。共採集海濱長足虻幼蟲126隻，蟲蛹22隻；數量以春季最多，秋季最少。高潮位、中潮位及低潮位的幼蟲平均密度分別為27.2、19.2及12.6 ind. m^(-2)。高潮位、中潮位及低潮位的蟲蛹平均密度分別為6.0、2.7及0 ind. m^(-2)，推測其分布與羽化的需求有關。因為如果不爬到表層，則蟲蛹不能呼吸，羽化的成蟲也無法爬出爛泥。有107隻幼蟲飼養於實驗室，平均存活天數為32.3± 7.8天，其中有26隻成功化蛹，飼養最久但沒化蛹的幼蟲可存活100天。從幼蟲開始飼養的蟲蛹有26個，平均蛹期為7.5± 1.5天，其中又有11個成功羽化，飼養最久的蟲蛹為16天，飼養的條件為模擬野外棲息地條件，推測化蛹率及羽化率會較低。以雄蟲陽莖鑑定這些海濱長足虻為串珠長足虻（T. insert）、土產長足虻（T. indigenus）、恆春長足虻（T. seticolis）及台生長足虻（T. formosinus）等4種。

關鍵字

海濱長足虻 ； 雙翅目 ； 發育 ； 生活史 ； 臺灣

並列摘要

From February 10 to December 3, 2011, the specimens of Thinophilus spp. were collected from the Jishui Estuary of Tainan City once every 1 to 3 months. A total of 126 larvae and 22 pupae were collected. The density of larvae in the high tide, middle tide, and low tide level were 27.2, 19.2, and 12.6 ind. m^(-2). The density of pupae in the high tide, middle tide, and low tide level were 6.0, 2.7, and 0 ind. m^(-2). In total 107 larvae were kept in a laboratory for breeding. The average survival time was 32.3 ± 7.8 days, and 26 individuals became phlegm pupae. The average pupa period was 7.5 ± 1.5 days, and 11 individuals successfully emerged from this stage. The longest lifetime of a breeding adult was 16 days. These specimens were further identified as T. inserted, T. indigenus, T. seticolis and T. Formosinus.

並列關鍵字

Thinophilus ； Dolichopodidae ； marine ； life history ； Taiwan