住院老年人心靈安適的相關因素初探

心靈安適是生活目地與生活滿意度之間的一種知覺感受，雖然有研究提出心靈安適與症狀困擾、心理健康及身體功能間有密切的關係，但是目前國內有關老年人心靈安適的瞭解十分有限，對於因為身體疾病住院老年人的心靈安適狀態的研究則尚未見報導。本研究針對因為身體疾病住院的老年人，瞭解他們的心靈安適情況，並且分析影響他們心靈安適的相關因素。本研究為橫斷面調查研究，對象為某醫學中心住院的老年病人，收案時間為103年6月1日至12月31日，研究工具為周全性老年評估表及心靈安適指數量表。研究結果以描述性統計、t檢定、ANOVA檢定及相關分析進行統計。研究對象共150人，多重用藥（服用4種以上藥物）的住院老人佔多數（101人，佔67.3%），心靈安適量表總分平均30.71±10.35分，生活品質整體評價平均得分為7.14±2.43分；健康相關生活品質平均66.39±19.74分，均屬於「中等」的水準。本研究的結果發現影響住院老年人心靈安適的相關因素為：憂鬱症狀、生活品質、工具性日常活動功能、多重用藥及睡眠問題。經由本研究的結果可以建議身、心、靈、社會的安適是構成全人健康的四個要素。本研究的結果可以幫助健康照護者瞭解影響住院老年人心靈安適的相關因素，並作為擬定相關照護計畫的參考，亦可依據研究結果設計促進心靈安適及生活品質的護理措施，以達到促進老年人全人健康的照護目標。

關鍵字

住院老年人；心靈安適；生活品質；憂鬱；工具性日常生活活動

並列摘要

Spiritual well-being is a feeling of purpose of life and life satisfaction. Although studies mentioned there are closely relationship among spiritual well-being, symptoms disturbance, mental health and physical function, But currently understand about the spiritual well-being of older persons is very limited, and there have not been reported about spiritual well-being of hospitalized elderly. The purpose of this study is to understand the spiritual well-being of hospitalized elderly and the influence factors. Cross-sectional survey research, study subjects were hospitalized elderly patients for a medical center, from June 1 to December 31. Instruments included geriatric comprehensive assessment, and spiritual index of well-being Chinese version. Descriptive statistics, t test, ANOVA test and Pearson’s correlation were used. A total of 150 subjects, majority were poly-pharmacy (taking four or more medications) (n=101, 67.3%), mean and standard deviation of spiritual index of well-being Chinese version was 30.71 ± 10.35. Mean of Eurogol-5D-3L was 7.14 ± 2.43, EuroQol-VAS was 66.39 ± 19.74, belong to ＂medium＂ of the standard. The study found that hospitalized elderly feelings on health, quality of life, depression status, instrumental activities of daily living, had significantly correlated with their spiritual well-being. When self-perception of health, quality of life was good, no depression, and instrumental activities of daily living was good, then the state of spiritual well-being was good. Also there are significant difference between poly-pharmacy, sleep disturbance and spiritual well-being, taking more than four kind of medication a day or people who had sleep problems, there spiritual well-being was poor conditions. The results of this study can help healthcare providers understand the influence factors of hospitalized elderly spiritual well-being, and as a reference to the relevant care plan. The research results also can be the basis of designed nursing interventions to promote spiritual well-being and quality of life of elderly people, and promote to achieve the holistic health care goals.