運用FTA與FMEA技術於建構自主保養制度之研究

A Study of Applying FTA and FMEA Techniques in Constructing Autonomous Preventive-Maintenance System

陳啟政(Chee-Cheng Chen) ； 黃明弘(Ming-Hon Hwang)

《工業科技與管理學刊》 2卷 (2008/03) Pp. 197-212

https://doi.org/10.6604/JITM.2008.2.12

摘要

自1971年以來，全面生產保養（Total Production Maintenance, TPM）制度已發展並導入很多日本製造商並顯著提昇他們的生產力與競爭力。然而自主保養（Autonomous PreventiveMaintenance, APM）是TPM裡一非常基本、特殊的支柱，包括一系列第一線直接員工系統化、相關聯的重要活動，被認為不只技術且有成本、人力資源與管理。FMEA（Failure Modes andEffects Analysis）和FTA（Fault Tree Analysis）是各產業應用最廣泛之故障要因解析手法，幾乎都在設計、製造階段中將它用來檢討問題，找出產品、設備潛在失效原因，求得預先的改善對策。本研究整合故障樹分析（FTA）與失效模式與效應分析（FMEA）技術於建立公司自主保養制度以降低製造成本、提昇整體員工與設備生產力之公司目標。本研究之主要貢獻將是嘗試透過整合FMEA和FTA技術來建構設備可能失效模式風險優先數值（Risk Priority Number；RPN）將其轉換為自主保養項目之選擇及其保養頻率之建立，並依此有效培訓員工技術能力提昇之企業策略。最後，以半導體材料製造之S公司來說明本研究提出模式之可行性，驗證其適用性並提供業界參考。

關鍵字

自主保養

並列摘要

Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) has been developed and phased-in many manufacturing firms in Japan and promoted their productivity and competitiveness significantly started from 1971. However, autonomous preventive maintenance (APM) system is a very special, fundamental pillar of TPM, includes a series of important activities of direct labors in the first line systematically and relevantly. It will be considered not only the techniques but also involving cost, human resources, and management. Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) are the most popular analytical method of failures and widely adopted over different industries. They are often used to examine the potential problems in designing and manufacturing phase, discovering possible failure cause before finalization of product design and manufacturing. This study integrates the techniques of FTA and FMEA to establish APM system in order to meet company's goal of reducing manufacturing cost, promoting overall employees and equipments productivity. The major contribution of this study is to construct the equipment's potential failure modes and their Risk Priority Number (RPN) through integration the techniques of FTA and FMEA that will be transformed into the selection of items and their maintaining frequencies of APM, and based on this to deploy the strategy of employees' technical capability upgrading through effectively training. Finally, this study uses S company;a key manufacturer of Semiconductor material as a case study to prove the model's applicability and suitability.

並列關鍵字

FMEA ； FTA ； TPM ； Autonomous Preventive Maintenance